AKAP13 couples GPCR signaling to mTORC1 inhibition

PLoS Genet. 2021 Oct 21;17(10):e1009832. doi: 10.1371/journal.pgen.1009832. eCollection 2021 Oct.

Abstract

The mammalian target of rapamycin complex 1 (mTORC1) senses multiple stimuli to regulate anabolic and catabolic processes. mTORC1 is typically hyperactivated in multiple human diseases such as cancer and type 2 diabetes. Extensive research has focused on signaling pathways that can activate mTORC1 such as growth factors and amino acids. However, less is known about signaling cues that can directly inhibit mTORC1 activity. Here, we identify A-kinase anchoring protein 13 (AKAP13) as an mTORC1 binding protein, and a crucial regulator of mTORC1 inhibition by G-protein coupled receptor (GPCR) signaling. GPCRs paired to Gαs proteins increase cyclic adenosine 3'5' monophosphate (cAMP) to activate protein kinase A (PKA). Mechanistically, AKAP13 acts as a scaffold for PKA and mTORC1, where PKA inhibits mTORC1 through the phosphorylation of Raptor on Ser 791. Importantly, AKAP13 mediates mTORC1-induced cell proliferation, cell size, and colony formation. AKAP13 expression correlates with mTORC1 activation and overall lung adenocarcinoma patient survival, as well as lung cancer tumor growth in vivo. Our study identifies AKAP13 as an important player in mTORC1 inhibition by GPCRs, and targeting this pathway may be beneficial for human diseases with hyperactivated mTORC1.

Publication types

  • Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural
  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

  • A Kinase Anchor Proteins / metabolism*
  • A549 Cells
  • Animals
  • Cell Line
  • Cell Line, Tumor
  • Cyclic AMP / metabolism
  • Cyclic AMP-Dependent Protein Kinases / metabolism
  • HCT116 Cells
  • HEK293 Cells
  • Humans
  • Mechanistic Target of Rapamycin Complex 1 / metabolism*
  • Mice
  • Minor Histocompatibility Antigens / metabolism*
  • PC-3 Cells
  • Phosphorylation / physiology
  • Proto-Oncogene Proteins / metabolism*
  • Receptors, G-Protein-Coupled / metabolism*
  • Signal Transduction / physiology*

Substances

  • A Kinase Anchor Proteins
  • AKAP13 protein, human
  • Minor Histocompatibility Antigens
  • Proto-Oncogene Proteins
  • Receptors, G-Protein-Coupled
  • Cyclic AMP
  • Mechanistic Target of Rapamycin Complex 1
  • Cyclic AMP-Dependent Protein Kinases