Continuous rain disaster is a kind of complex disaster with high frequency in the Basin area of Sichuan Province. Continuous rainy weather may appear in every growing stage of rice, with consequences on the yield and quality. Based on the meteorological data of 105 meteorological stations between 1981 and 2019, combining the observation data of rise production, agricultural statistics and the basic geographic information, we quantitatively evaluated and compared the continuous-rain disasters in the whole growth period and the four growth stages (sowing-jointing, jointing-booting, booting-early filling, mid-late filling-maturity) between transplanted rice and direct-seeded rice in the basin area of Sichuan Province. The results showed that the disaster index of continuous-rain for rice was higher in the sowing-jointing stage and the mid-late filling-maturity stage, higher in the northern and southwest edges of the basin, and lower in the middle, western and southern basin. The area with high-risk was relatively limited, which concentrated in the northern edge of the basin and scattered in the southern region of the basin. The low-risk area was the most widely distributed, which concentrated in the western and central parts of the basin. The total area of high-disaster areas for transplanted rice was 2.4 times as large as that for direct-seeded rice.
连阴雨灾害是四川盆区发生频繁的一种复合灾害,水稻各生育阶段均可能遭遇连阴雨天气,对产量和品质造成影响。本研究利用四川盆区1981—2019年105个气象观测站的气象资料,结合水稻生产观测资料、农业统计资料和基础地理信息,对移栽和直播水稻在播种-拔节期、拔节-孕穗期、孕穗-灌浆初期、灌浆中后期-成熟期4个生育阶段和全生育期连阴雨灾害危险性进行定量评价和比较。结果表明: 研究区水稻连阴雨灾害危险性指数在播种-拔节和灌浆中后期-成熟期较高;水稻全生育期连阴雨灾害危险性指数表现为盆地北部、西南部边缘高,盆中、盆西和盆南较低;高危险性区域分布最少,在盆北边缘集中分布,在盆南区域零星分布;低危险性区域分布最广,集中在盆西和盆中大部;移栽水稻的高危险性区域总面积是直播水稻的2.4倍。.
Keywords: Sichuan Basin; continuous-rain; hazard; planting pattern; rice.