Semiautomatic analysis of tumor proportion in colon cancer: Lessons from a validation study

Pathol Res Pract. 2021 Nov:227:153634. doi: 10.1016/j.prp.2021.153634. Epub 2021 Sep 28.

Abstract

The tumor stroma ratio (TSR) is a promising histopathologic prognostic biomarker, which could allow for more accurate risk stratification and improved patient management in colorectal cancer. The purpose of our research was to validate the results of a previous study, which had suggested that not only a low but also a high tumor proportion (TP) might be an independent risk factor for occurrence of distant metastasis and worse overall survival using a semiautomatic image analysis approach with the open-source software ImageJ. We investigated 253 pT3 and pT4 adenocarcinomas of no special type. The previously established thresholds (PES-cut-offs) used to classify the patients (previous 3-tiered-classification) according to the tumor proportion (TP) in a highTP (TP ≥ 54%), a mediumTP (TP < 54% ∩ TP >15%) and a lowTP (TP ≤ 15%) group did not show a significant risk stratification. Even the adjustment of these threshold revealed no significant results. Therefore, a receiver-operating characteristic (ROC) analysis was performed to establish the cut-off with the most significant predictive power and a "new 2-tiered-classification" using this cut-off (40% at MinTP) showed a significantly shorter absence of metastasis for patients with a low TP (p = 0.007). These results confirm that a low TP is associated with an adverse prognosis. This study did not confirm the previous assumption that a high TP might also be a risk factor for occurrence of metastasis. Furthermore, it demonstrates that this semiautomatic technique is not superior to the established method, so that approaches to enhance prognostic techniques should continue.

Keywords: Biomarker; Colon cancer; Histopathology; Prognosis; Tumor stroma.

Publication types

  • Comparative Study
  • Validation Study

MeSH terms

  • Adenocarcinoma / mortality
  • Adenocarcinoma / pathology*
  • Adenocarcinoma / secondary
  • Adenocarcinoma / surgery
  • Aged
  • Aged, 80 and over
  • Automation
  • Biopsy
  • Colonic Neoplasms / mortality
  • Colonic Neoplasms / pathology*
  • Colonic Neoplasms / surgery
  • Female
  • Humans
  • Image Interpretation, Computer-Assisted*
  • Male
  • Microscopy*
  • Middle Aged
  • Neoplasm Grading
  • Neoplasm Staging
  • Predictive Value of Tests
  • Reproducibility of Results
  • Retrospective Studies
  • Risk Assessment
  • Risk Factors
  • Software
  • Stromal Cells / pathology
  • Treatment Outcome
  • Tumor Burden*