Relieving Cellular Energy Stress in Aging, Neurodegenerative, and Metabolic Diseases, SIRT1 as a Therapeutic and Promising Node

Yang Fang; Xifeng Wang; Danying Yang; Yimei Lu; Gen Wei; Wen Yu; Xing Liu; Qingcui Zheng; Jun Ying; Fuzhou Hua

doi:10.3389/fnagi.2021.738686

Relieving Cellular Energy Stress in Aging, Neurodegenerative, and Metabolic Diseases, SIRT1 as a Therapeutic and Promising Node

Front Aging Neurosci. 2021 Sep 20:13:738686. doi: 10.3389/fnagi.2021.738686. eCollection 2021.

Authors

Yang Fang^{1

2}, Xifeng Wang³, Danying Yang^{1

2}, Yimei Lu^{1

2}, Gen Wei^{1

2}, Wen Yu^{1

2}, Xing Liu^{1

2}, Qingcui Zheng^{1

2}, Jun Ying^{1

2}, Fuzhou Hua^{1

2}

Affiliations

¹ Department of Anesthesiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China.
² Key Laboratory of Anesthesiology of Jiangxi Province, Nanchang, China.
³ Department of Anesthesiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China.

Abstract

The intracellular energy state will alter under the influence of physiological or pathological stimuli. In response to this change, cells usually mobilize various molecules and their mechanisms to promote the stability of the intracellular energy status. Mitochondria are the main source of ATP. Previous studies have found that the function of mitochondria is impaired in aging, neurodegenerative diseases, and metabolic diseases, and the damaged mitochondria bring lower ATP production, which further worsens the progression of the disease. Silent information regulator-1 (SIRT1) is a multipotent molecule that participates in the regulation of important biological processes in cells, including cellular metabolism, cell senescence, and inflammation. In this review, we mainly discuss that promoting the expression and activity of SIRT1 contributes to alleviating the energy stress produced by physiological and pathological conditions. The review also discusses the mechanism of precise regulation of SIRT1 expression and activity in various dimensions. Finally, according to the characteristics of this mechanism in promoting the recovery of mitochondrial function, the relationship between current pharmacological preparations and aging, neurodegenerative diseases, metabolic diseases, and other diseases was analyzed.

Keywords: AMP-dependent protein kinases; NAD+; SIRT1-activating compounds; age-related diseases; aging; cellular energy stress; silent information regulator-1.

Publication types

Review