Potential hepatoprotective effects of flavonoids contained in propolis from South Sulawesi against chemotherapy agents

Muhamad Sahlan; Nur Rizka Alia Hapsari; Kartika Diah Pratami; Apriliana Cahya Khayrani; Kenny Lischer; Alaa Alhazmi; Zuhair M Mohammedsaleh; Abdullah F Shater; Fayez M Saleh; Walaa F Alsanie; Samy Sayed; Ahmed Gaber

doi:10.1016/j.sjbs.2021.08.022

Potential hepatoprotective effects of flavonoids contained in propolis from South Sulawesi against chemotherapy agents

Saudi J Biol Sci. 2021 Oct;28(10):5461-5468. doi: 10.1016/j.sjbs.2021.08.022. Epub 2021 Aug 13.

Authors

Muhamad Sahlan^{1

2}, Nur Rizka Alia Hapsari¹, Kartika Diah Pratami³, Apriliana Cahya Khayrani¹, Kenny Lischer^{1

2}, Alaa Alhazmi^{4

5}, Zuhair M Mohammedsaleh⁶, Abdullah F Shater⁶, Fayez M Saleh⁷, Walaa F Alsanie^{8

9}, Samy Sayed¹⁰, Ahmed Gaber^{8

11}

Affiliations

¹ Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Universitas Indonesia, West Java, 16424, Depok, Indonesia.
² Research Center for Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Universitas Indonesia, West Java, 16424, Depok, Indonesia.
³ Faculty of Pharmacy, Pancasila University, 12640 Jakarta, Indonesia.
⁴ Medical Laboratory Technology Department, Jazan University, Jazan, Saudi Arabia.
⁵ SMIRES for Consultation in Specialized Medical Laboratories, Jazan University, Jazan, Saudi Arabia.
⁶ Department of Medical Laboratory Technology, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, University of Tabuk, Tabuk 71491, Saudi Arabia.
⁷ Department of Medical Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tabuk, Tabuk 71491, Saudi Arabia.
⁸ Center of Biomedical Sciences Research (CBSR), Taif University, P.O. Box 11099, Taif 21944, Saudi Arabia.
⁹ Department of Clinical Laboratories Sciences, The Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, Taif University, P.O. Box 11099, Taif 21944, Saudi Arabia.
¹⁰ Department of Science and Technology, University College-Ranyah, Taif University, B.O. Box 11099, Taif 21944, Saudi Arabia.
¹¹ Department of Biology, College of Science, Taif University, P.O. Box 11099, Taif 21944, Saudi Arabia.

Abstract

The use of doxorubicin and epirubicin as chemotherapy agent causes side effects such as liver damage due to oxidative stress by reactive oxygen species (ROS) that cause increased of ALT and AST level as liver parameter. One source of natural antioxidants as ROS neutralizer comes from flavonoid that contain in propolis. Most researchers claim that flavonoid can be used to protect the liver. The aim of this study was to test the hepatoprotective effect of flavonoid in propolis from South Sulawesi against doxorubicin and epirubicin. The experiment included male Sprague dawley rats divided into nine groups. The rats received the microcapsule propolis or the quercetin orally for 15 days. The hepatotoxicity was promoted by injection epirubicin and doxorubicin (i.v.) with a cumulative dose of 9 mg/kg. In this study, total polyphenol and flavonoid tests of propolis have been carried out, there were 1.1% polyphenols and 2.7% flavonoids, the antioxidant activity tests showed IC50 value of 9849 ppm and LCMS/MS tests supported the presence of phenolic compounds in propolis from South Sulawesi. Liver parameter was measured and the results showed that the propolis 200 mg/kg group produced the lowest ALT and had potential protective effect against doxorubicin and epirubicin-induced hepatotoxicity.

Keywords: Chemotherapy; Doxorubicin; Epirubicin; Flavonoid; Hepatoprotective; Propolis.