1 Center for Liver Diseases and Department of Medical Research, E-Da Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan; School of Medicine, College of Medicine, I-Shou University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan; Department of Internal Medicine, Fu-Jen Catholic University Hospital, New Taipei, Taiwan; Institute of Biomedical Informatics, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan.
2 Department of Public Health, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan.
3 Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Stanford University Medical Center, Department of Epidemiology and Population Health, Stanford University Medical Center, Palo Alto, California.