Controlled covalent functionalization of a graphene-channel of a field effect transistor as an ideal platform for (bio)sensing applications

Nanoscale Horiz. 2021 Sep 27;6(10):819-829. doi: 10.1039/d1nh00355k.

Abstract

The controlled covalent functionalization of the graphene channel of a field effect transistor, based on interdigitated gold electrodes (source and drain), via electrochemical grafting, using specifically designed aryl diazonium species is demonstrated to allow the simple fabrication of a general platform for (bio)sensing applications. The electrochemical grafting of a protected ethynylphenyl diazonium salt leads to the deposition of only a monolayer on the graphene channel. This controlled covalent functionalization of the graphene channel results in a charge mobility of the GFET of 1739 ± 376 cm2 V-1 s-1 and 1698 ± 536 cm2 V-1 s-1 for the holes and electrons, respectively, allowing their utilization as (bio)sensors. After deprotection, a dense and compact ethynylphenyl monolayer is obtained and allows the immobilization of a wide range of (bio)molecules by a "click" chemistry coupling reaction (Huisgen 1,3-dipolar cycloaddition). This finding opens promising options for graphene-based (bio)sensing applications.

Publication types

  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

  • Click Chemistry
  • Cycloaddition Reaction
  • Electrodes
  • Gold
  • Graphite*

Substances

  • Gold
  • Graphite