A Comparative Study of Valsalva Maneuver, Lidocaine, and Valsalva Maneuvers with Administration of Lidocaine to Reduce the Pain Associated with Administration of Etomidate During General Anesthesia

Behzad Nazemroaya; Omid Aghadavodi; Azim Honarmand; Sarina Ahmadian

doi:10.5812/aapm.113408

A Comparative Study of Valsalva Maneuver, Lidocaine, and Valsalva Maneuvers with Administration of Lidocaine to Reduce the Pain Associated with Administration of Etomidate During General Anesthesia

Anesth Pain Med. 2021 Jun 23;11(3):e113408. doi: 10.5812/aapm.113408. eCollection 2021 Jun.

Authors

Behzad Nazemroaya^{1

2}, Omid Aghadavodi¹, Azim Honarmand¹, Sarina Ahmadian³

Affiliations

¹ Anesthesiology and Critical Care Research Center, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran.
² Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care, School of Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran.
³ School of Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran.

Abstract

Objectives: The purpose of this study is a comparison of Valsalva, lidocaine, and Valsalva with administration of lidocaine to reduce the pain associated with administration of etomidate.

Methods: The present study is a clinical trial study. The number of samples in each group was 30 and a total of 90 people were selected. This study was a clinical trial and the subjects were randomly divided into three groups: Group 1: Valsalva, 2: Lidocaine, 3: Valsalva and Lidocaine. Pain due to etomidate was rated on a VAS from 1 (painless) to 3 (worst imaginable pain) and their information was recorded. The collected information was entered into SPSS 22 and analyzed with appropriate statistical tests.

Results: A total of 90 subjects participated in the present study and were divided into 3 groups: Valsalva, lidocaine, and Valsalva with lidocaine. No significant difference was observed between demographic variables in the study groups. There was a significant relationship between severity of pain in the three groups. According to the results, the highest pain intensity was in the Valsalva group and the lowest pain intensity was in the Valsalva with lidocaine group.

Conclusions: Valsalva with lidocaine reduces the severity of pain caused by etomidate to a greater extent than other groups.

Keywords: Etomidate; General Anesthesia; Lidocaine; Valsalva Maneuver.