Loss of AIRE-Mediated Immune Tolerance and the Skin

Pärt Peterson; Kai Kisand; Nicolas Kluger; Annamari Ranki

doi:10.1016/j.jid.2021.04.022

Loss of AIRE-Mediated Immune Tolerance and the Skin

J Invest Dermatol. 2022 Mar;142(3 Pt B):760-767. doi: 10.1016/j.jid.2021.04.022. Epub 2021 Sep 15.

Authors

Pärt Peterson¹, Kai Kisand¹, Nicolas Kluger², Annamari Ranki³

Affiliations

¹ Institute of Biomedicine and Translational Medicine, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia.
² Department of Dermatology, Allergology and Venereology, Clinicum, University of Helsinki, and Inflammation Center, Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland.
³ Department of Dermatology, Allergology and Venereology, Clinicum, University of Helsinki, and Inflammation Center, Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland. Electronic address: annamari.ranki@hus.fi.

PMID: 34535292
DOI: 10.1016/j.jid.2021.04.022

Abstract

The core function of the immune response is to distinguish between self and foreign. The multiorgan human autoimmune disease, autoimmune polyendocrinopathy-candidiasis-ectodermal dystrophy (APECED/autoimmune polyendocrine syndrome type 1) is an example of what happens in the body when central immune tolerance goes astray. APECED revealed the existence and function of the autoimmune regulator gene, which has a central role in the development of tolerance. The discovery of autoimmune regulator was the start of a new period in immunology and in understanding the role of central and peripheral tolerance, also very relevant to many skin diseases as we highlight in this review.

Publication types

Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
Review

MeSH terms

Autoimmune Diseases* / genetics
Humans
Immune Tolerance / genetics
Mutation
Polyendocrinopathies, Autoimmune* / genetics
Skin