Evaluation of fungal contamination and ochratoxin A detection in different types of coffee by HPLC-based method

J Clin Lab Anal. 2021 Nov;35(11):e24001. doi: 10.1002/jcla.24001. Epub 2021 Sep 15.

Abstract

Background: Mycotoxins are secondary fungal metabolites that are produced by some toxigenic fungi on foodstuffs which are poisoning and potentiate for human's health hazards. In coffee samples, ochratoxin A and fungal contamination were examined.

Methods: Immunoaffinity columns were used for treating of all 50 samples from four types of coffee, after that high-performance liquid chromatography was used for determining the amount of ochratoxin. For the identification of fungi, all coffee samples were cultured in appropriated media.

Results: The results showed that all samples were contaminated by ochratoxin A but only up to 50% of them had toxins higher than acceptable level as detected in black beans (47%), green beans (33.3%), torch (33.3%), and espresso (25%). Black coffee had a higher mean concentration of ochratoxin A than green coffee.

Conclusion: Predominant fungi isolated from coffee samples were Aspergillus species. Finally, careful monitoring of mycotoxins in coffee samples is essential to improve the quality of this favorable beverage in future.

Keywords: Aspergillus; coffee; high-performance liquid chromatography; mycotoxin; ochratoxin.

MeSH terms

  • Aspergillus / chemistry
  • Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid / methods*
  • Coffee / chemistry
  • Coffee / microbiology*
  • Food Microbiology / methods*
  • Limit of Detection
  • Linear Models
  • Ochratoxins / analysis*
  • Ochratoxins / chemistry
  • Reproducibility of Results

Substances

  • Coffee
  • Ochratoxins
  • ochratoxin A