Highly efficient visible light driven photocatalytic activity of zinc/ferrite: Carbamazepine degradation, mechanism and toxicity assessment

Harshavardhan Mohan; Vaikundamoorthy Ramalingam; Aravinthan Adithan; Karthi Natesan; Kamala-Kannan Seralathan; Taeho Shin

doi:10.1016/j.jhazmat.2021.126209

Highly efficient visible light driven photocatalytic activity of zinc/ferrite: Carbamazepine degradation, mechanism and toxicity assessment

J Hazard Mater. 2021 Aug 15:416:126209. doi: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2021.126209. Epub 2021 May 25.

Authors

Harshavardhan Mohan¹, Vaikundamoorthy Ramalingam², Aravinthan Adithan³, Karthi Natesan⁴, Kamala-Kannan Seralathan⁵, Taeho Shin⁶

Affiliations

¹ Department of Chemistry, Jeonbuk National University, Jeonju 54896, Republic of Korea.
² Centre for Natural Products & Traditional Knowledge, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology, Hyderabad 500 007, Telangana, India.
³ College of Veterinary Medicine, Biosafety Research Institute, Jeonbuk National University, Iksan 54596, Republic of Korea.
⁴ Department of Biochemistry, School of Applied Sciences, REVA University, Bengaluru, Karnataka 560064, India.
⁵ Division of Biotechnology, Advanced Institute of Environment and Bioscience, College of Environmental and Bioresource Sciences, Jeonbuk National University, Iksan 54596, Republic of Korea.
⁶ Department of Chemistry, Jeonbuk National University, Jeonju 54896, Republic of Korea. Electronic address: shin@jbnu.ac.kr.

PMID: 34492970
DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2021.126209

Abstract

In this present study, spherical shaped zinc ferrite (Zn/Fe₂O₄) was prepared as uniformly sized (65 ± 0.5 nm) nanoparticles with band gap (2.00 eV) in a visible light regime and employed for the photocatalytic degradation of carbamazepine (CBZ). The doping of Zn decreased the band gap (from 2.00 to 1.98 eV) and enhanced the absorption of visible light. Zinc doping also induced effective separation of photogenerated carriers and subsequent charge migration to the surface of the Zn/Fe₂O₄ nanoparticle. On account of the advantages of the material, a high removal efficiency (~ 100%) of CBZ through photocatalytic degradation was achieved. Kinetics of CBZ degradation follows a pseudo first-order with the rate constant 0.0367 min^-1. In-vitro and in-vivo toxicity of the nanoparticles were examined promoting the environmental implications.

Keywords: Carbamazepine; Degradation; Toxicity; Zinc-ferrite.

Publication types

Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

Carbamazepine* / toxicity
Catalysis
Ferric Compounds
Light
Zinc* / toxicity

Substances

Ferric Compounds
ferrite
Carbamazepine
Zinc