Novel approaches for rapid detection of COVID-19 during the pandemic: A review

Hoda Ilkhani; Nader Hedayat; Siamak Farhad

doi:10.1016/j.ab.2021.114362

Novel approaches for rapid detection of COVID-19 during the pandemic: A review

Anal Biochem. 2021 Dec 1:634:114362. doi: 10.1016/j.ab.2021.114362. Epub 2021 Aug 31.

Authors

Hoda Ilkhani¹, Nader Hedayat², Siamak Farhad³

Affiliations

¹ Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, The University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM, 87144, United States. Electronic address: hilkhani@cnm.edu.
² Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, The University of Akron, Akron, OH, 44325, United States.
³ Advanced Energy & Sensor Lab, Department of Mechanical Engineering, The University of Akron, Akron, OH, 44325, United States. Electronic address: sfarhad@uakron.edu.

Abstract

The rapid spread of the SARS-CoV-2 virus that caused the COVID-19 disease, has highlighted our urgent need for sensitive, fast and accurate diagnostic technologies. In fact, one of the main challenges for flatting COVID-19 spread charts is the ability to accurately and rapidly identify asymptomatic cases that result in spreading the virus to close contacts. SARS-CoV-2 virus mutation is also relatively rapid, which makes the detection of COVID-19 diseases still crucial even after the vaccination. Conventional techniques, which are commercially available have focused on clinical manifestation, along with molecular and serological detection tools that can identify the SARS-CoV-2 virus however, owing to various disadvantages including low specificity and sensitivity, a quick, low cost and easy approach is needed for diagnosis of COVID-19. Scientists are now showing extensive interest in an effective portable and simple detection method to diagnose COVID-19. There are several novel methods and approaches that are considered viable advanced systems that can meet the demands. This study reviews the new approaches and sensing technologies that work on COVID-19 diagnosis for easy and successful detection of SARS-CoV-2 virus.

Keywords: Bioassay; Biosensor; COVID-19; Immunoassay; PCR; SARS-CoV-2.

Publication types

Review

MeSH terms

Antigens, Viral / analysis
Biosensing Techniques / methods
COVID-19 / diagnosis*
COVID-19 Nucleic Acid Testing / methods
COVID-19 Serological Testing / methods
COVID-19 Testing / methods*
Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay / methods
Humans
Immunoassay / methods
Limit of Detection
Mass Spectrometry / methods
Molecular Diagnostic Techniques / methods
Nucleic Acid Amplification Techniques / methods
Pandemics
Point-of-Care Systems
SARS-CoV-2
Sensitivity and Specificity

Substances

Antigens, Viral

Supplementary concepts

LAMP assay