Formation of nitrosated and nitrated aromatic products of concerns in the treatment of phenols by the combination of peroxymonosulfate and hydroxylamine

Zijun Dong; Chengchun Jiang; Jiebin Duan; Jin Jiang; Su-Yan Pang; Yang Zhou; Yuan Gao; Zhen Wang; Juan Li; Qin Guo

doi:10.1016/j.chemosphere.2021.131057

Formation of nitrosated and nitrated aromatic products of concerns in the treatment of phenols by the combination of peroxymonosulfate and hydroxylamine

Chemosphere. 2021 Nov:282:131057. doi: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2021.131057. Epub 2021 Jun 5.

Authors

Zijun Dong¹, Chengchun Jiang², Jiebin Duan³, Jin Jiang⁴, Su-Yan Pang⁵, Yang Zhou⁴, Yuan Gao⁴, Zhen Wang⁶, Juan Li⁶, Qin Guo⁴

Affiliations

¹ School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Shenzhen Polytechnic, Shenzhen, 518055, China.
² School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Shenzhen Polytechnic, Shenzhen, 518055, China. Electronic address: jiangcc@szpt.edu.cn.
³ School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Shenzhen Polytechnic, Shenzhen, 518055, China; Key Laboratory for City Cluster Environmental Safety and Green Development of the Ministry of Education, Institute of Environmental and Ecological Engineering, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510006, China; Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Guangzhou), Guangzhou, 511458, Guangdong, China. Electronic address: djb_2020@126.com.
⁴ Key Laboratory for City Cluster Environmental Safety and Green Development of the Ministry of Education, Institute of Environmental and Ecological Engineering, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510006, China; Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Guangzhou), Guangzhou, 511458, Guangdong, China.
⁵ Key Laboratory of Songliao Aquatic Environment, Ministry of Education, School of Municipal and Environmental Engineering, Jilin Jianzhu University, Changchun, 130118, China.
⁶ State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, School of Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, 150090, China.

PMID: 34470151
DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2021.131057

Abstract

Recently, the combination of peroxymonosulfate (PMS) and hydroxylamine (HA) has been proposed as a green and efficient sulfate radical ()-based advanced oxidation process (AOP) for eliminating organic contaminants. However, we found that toxic nitrosated and nitrated aromatic compounds were generated during the treatment of phenolic compounds by PMS/HA system, indicating the involvement of reactive nitrogen species (RNS) during the interaction of PMS with HA. Specifically, considerable production of p-nitrosophenol (p-NSP) and mononitrophenol were obtained when phenol was oxidized by PMS/HA system under various conditions. At the molar ratio between HA and PMS of 1.0 and pH 5.0, sum of the yields of p-NSP and nitrophenols reached their maxima (around 50%). Moreover, production of p-NSP was inhibited while that of nitrophenols was promoted when applied NH₂OH1/2H₂SO₄ was replaced by NH₂OHHCl, which was possibly related to the formation of secondary reactive species induced by the reaction of with chloride ion. Further, formation of undesirable nitrosated and nitrated aromatic products was obtained in the treatment of other phenolic compounds including acetaminophen, bisphenol A, and bisphenol S by PMS/HA system. Considering the toxicity of nitrosated and nitrated aromatic compounds, practical application of PMS/HA system for environmental decontamination should be scrutinized.

Keywords: Hydroxylamine; Nitrophenol; Nitrosophenol; Peroxymonosulfate; Phenols.

MeSH terms

Hydroxylamine
Hydroxylamines
Nitrates*
Oxidation-Reduction
Peroxides
Phenols
Water Pollutants, Chemical* / analysis

Substances

Hydroxylamines
Nitrates
Peroxides
Phenols
Water Pollutants, Chemical
peroxymonosulfate
Hydroxylamine