Assessment the using of silica nanoparticles (SiO2NPs) biosynthesized from rice husks by Trichoderma harzianum MF780864 as water lead adsorbent for immune status of Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus)

Nashwa El-Gazzar; Taghreed N Almanaa; Rasha M Reda; M N El Gaafary; A A Rashwan; Fatma Mahsoub

doi:10.1016/j.sjbs.2021.05.027

Assessment the using of silica nanoparticles (SiO₂NPs) biosynthesized from rice husks by Trichoderma harzianum MF780864 as water lead adsorbent for immune status of Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus)

Saudi J Biol Sci. 2021 Sep;28(9):5119-5130. doi: 10.1016/j.sjbs.2021.05.027. Epub 2021 May 21.

Authors

Nashwa El-Gazzar¹, Taghreed N Almanaa², Rasha M Reda³, M N El Gaafary⁴, A A Rashwan⁴, Fatma Mahsoub⁴

Affiliations

¹ Department of Botany and Microbiology, Faculty of science, Zagazig University, 44519 Zagazig, Egypt.
² Department of Botany and Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University, 11495 Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.
³ Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Department of Fish Diseases and Management, Zagazig University, 44511 Zagazig, Egypt.
⁴ Faculty of Technology and Development, Department of Animal & Poultry Production, Zagazig University, 44519 Zagazig, Egypt.

Abstract

Rice husks (RHs) was used as a substrate for biosynthesis of high-value Silica nanoparticles (SiO₂NPs). An isolate of Trichoderma harzianum MF780864 (T. harzianum) was isolated and identified based on the Internal Transcribed Spacers (ITS) sequences; it showed the potentiality to induce SiO₂NPs in the process of RHs biotransformation. SiO₂NPs were produced extracellularly and their size was of about 89 nm. SiO₂NPs characterized by oval, rod and cubical particles by using Transmission Electron Microscope (TEM).The Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) confirmed the presence of various functional groups of biomolecules and capping protein, encapsulating SiO₂NPs. Water and fish samples were collected from private fish farms in El-Sharkia Governorate, Egypt. Lead (Pb) was detected from water and fish samples at its highest concentration at about 0.088 mg/L. The adsorption capacity of Pb by SiO₂NPs was evaluated by testing different concentrations of SiO₂NPs viz. 1, 2, and 3 mg/L, wherein 1 mg/L revealed the highest Pb adsorption efficiency. Within laboratory trials, the results indicated that highest Pb adsorption efficiency revealed through the increasing of SiO₂NPs concentrations until 120 h. In vivo trial that lasted for 8 weeks, Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) (29.78 ± 0.36 g body weight) supplemented with 0.088 mg/L Pb was divided into four experimental groups having three replicates (15 fish/replicate; 45 fish/group). The results showed that SiO₂NPs supplementation through water revealed significant increase in growth and hematological parameters of O. niloticus. Moreover, enhancement of antioxidant capacity (TAC), and immune related gene expression of IL-1β were increased in the presence of SiO₂NPs compared with the groups of Pb exposure. Moreover, Pb residue level in fish muscles was noticeably decreased in the SiO₂NPs treated groups. Thus, this research opens up other possibilities in the field of using SiO₂NPs as a lead adsorbent for water bioremediation.

Keywords: Heavy metal; IL-1β immune related gene expression; Nano-adsorbent; Oreochromis niloticus; Silica nanoparticles; Trichoderma harzianum.