A rare case of nivolumab-related myasthenia gravis and myocarditis in a patient with metastatic gastric cancer

BMC Gastroenterol. 2021 Aug 26;21(1):333. doi: 10.1186/s12876-021-01904-4.

Abstract

Background: Although rare, several immune-related adverse effects can be life-threatening. Here, we describe a metastatic gastric cancer patient presenting with nivolumab-related myasthenia gravis and myocarditis, a previously unreported adverse effect of gastric cancer treatment.

Case presentation: A 66-year-old man with metastatic gastric cancer visited the emergency department because of dizziness after the first dose of nivolumab. Diagnoses of nivolumab-related myasthenia gravis and myocarditis were established. Myocardial biopsy results and anti-acetylcholine receptor antibody positivity confirmed the diagnoses. Despite plasma exchange and intravenous methylprednisolone and immunoglobulin administration, the patient's general condition gradually worsened, and he died.

Conclusions: Strict monitoring for cardiac and neuromuscular symptoms after nivolumab administration is necessary to rapidly treat these adverse effects.

Keywords: Gastric cancer; Myasthenia gravis; Myocarditis; Nivolumab; Programmed cell death-1 receptor.

Publication types

  • Case Reports

MeSH terms

  • Aged
  • Humans
  • Male
  • Myasthenia Gravis* / chemically induced
  • Myocarditis* / chemically induced
  • Nivolumab / adverse effects
  • Plasma Exchange
  • Stomach Neoplasms* / drug therapy

Substances

  • Nivolumab