Objective: To explore the application value of flexible endoscopy and rigid endoscopy in the clinical examination of chronic sinus tract wounds with different shapes. Methods: A retrospective observational study was conducted. From January 1 to December 23, 2019, a total of 46 patients with chronic sinus tract wounds, who met the inclusion criteria were admitted to the Wound Healing Center of Ruijin Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, including 23 males and 23 females, aged 18-81 (48±21) years. On admission, computer tomography (CT) imaging and three-dimensional reconstruction were performed to examine the shapes of wound sinus tract and classify the wounds, with the lengths of wound sinus tract by CT imaging examination (hereinafter referred to as reference lengths) recorded. The lengths of wound sinus tract were examined and measured by rigid endoscopy and flexible endoscopy. The wounds with and without obviously curved sinus tract were classified into curve group and linear group respectively, and the deviation rates between the lengths of wound sinus tract measured by flexible endoscopy or rigid endoscopy and the reference lengths (hereinafter referred to as deviation rates of lengths) in each group were calculated. The difference between the deviation rates of lengths examined by flexible endoscopy and rigid endoscopy and the differences between the above two and the deviation rate of reference lengths (0) in each group were compared. Data were statistically analyzed with paired sample t test and Wilcoxon signed rank sum test. Results: CT imaging and three-dimensional reconstruction showed that there were 4 types of wound sinus tract, including tubular (36/46), lamellar (4/46), club-mallet (4/46), and irregular (2/46) shape. Tubular wounds were further divided into type I (23/36), type L (4/36), and type Y (9/36). Wounds with type I tubular, lamellar, and club-mallet sinus tract were classified into linear group (31/46), while those with type Y tubular, type L tubular, and irregular sinus tract were classified into curve group (15/46). In linear group, the deviation rates of lengths examined and measured by rigid endoscopy and flexible endoscopy were 0. In curve group, the deviation rate of lengths examined and measured by flexible endoscopy was 0 (0, 0.58%), which was significantly lower than 41.18% (31.68%, 48.41%) examined and measured by rigid endoscopy, Z=-3.408, P<0.01; the deviation rate of lengths examined and measured by rigid endoscopy (40±19)% was significantly higher than the deviation rate of reference lengths (t=8.343, P<0.01), while the deviation rate of the lengths examined and measured by flexible endoscopy was similar to the deviation rate of reference lengths (Z=-1.342, P>0.05). Conclusions: Compared with rigid endoscopy, flexible endoscopy can observe the internal characteristics of chronic sinus tract wounds in a wider range in the clinical examination of this kind of wound, especially for the exploration of curved chronic sinus tract wounds. The promotion of this method will be conducive to the diagnosis and treatment of chronic sinus tract wounds.
目的： 探讨软性内镜与硬性内镜在不同形态窦道型慢性创面临床检查中的应用价值。 方法： 采用回顾性观察性研究方法。2019年1月1日—12月23日，上海交通大学医学院附属瑞金医院创面修复中心收治46例符合入选标准的窦道型慢性创面患者，其中男、女各23例，年龄18~81（48±21）岁。入院时，行CT造影及三维重建了解创面窦道形态并分类，记录“CT造影检查测得的创面窦道长度”（下称参考长度）；分别采用硬性内镜和软性内镜检查并测量创面窦道长度。将含明显弯曲、无明显弯曲窦道的创面分别归入曲线组、直线组，计算各组创面中软性内镜或硬性内镜检查测得的“创面窦道长度与参考长度的偏差率”（下称长度偏差率），比较各组创面中软性内镜与硬性内镜检查测得的长度偏差率及二者与参考长度偏差率（0）之间的差异。对数据行配对样本t检验、Wilcoxon符号秩和检验。 结果： CT造影及三维重建显示，本组患者创面窦道形态分为管状（36/46）、片状（4/46）、棒槌状（4/46）、不规则状（2/46）4种，其中，管状进一步分为I型（23/36）、L型（4/36）和Y型（9/36）。含I型管状、片状和棒槌状窦道的创面归为直线组（31/46），含Y型管状、L型管状和不规则状窦道的创面归为曲线组（15/46）。在直线组中，硬性内镜、软性内镜检查测得的长度偏差率均为0。在曲线组中，软性内镜检查测得的长度偏差率为0（0，0.58%），明显低于硬性内镜检查测得的41.18%（31.68%，48.41%），Z=-3.408，P<0.01；硬性内镜检查测得的长度偏差率（40±19）%明显高于参考长度偏差率（t=8.343，P<0.01），软性内镜检查测得的长度偏差率与参考长度偏差率相近（Z=-1.342，P>0.05）。 结论： 相较于硬性内镜，软性内镜在窦道型慢性创面的临床检查中能更大范围地观察该类创面的内部特征，尤其是对于弯曲型窦道型慢性创面的探查具有明显优势，这种方法的推广将有利于窦道型慢性创面的诊断及治疗。.