Flow cytometric analysis of cerebrospinal fluid improves detection of leukaemic blasts in infants with acute lymphoblastic leukaemia

Br J Haematol. 2021 Oct;195(1):119-122. doi: 10.1111/bjh.17769. Epub 2021 Aug 15.

Abstract

Infants with acute lymphoblastic leukaemia (ALL) have a high frequency of central nervous system (CNS) involvement. Flow cytometric analysis of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) was recently demonstrated to be a sensitive method for detecting CNS involvement in childhood ALL. In the present study, CSF from 14 infants was collected at routine lumbar punctures and analysed by multicolour flow cytometry. At initial diagnosis, leukaemic blasts were detected in CSF by flow cytometry in 11 patients (78·6%) compared to seven patients (50%) by cytospin. Larger studies are needed to determine if CSF flow cytometry has prognostic value in infant ALL.

Keywords: ALL; central nervous system; cerebrospinal fluid; childhood; flow cytometry; metastasis.

Publication types

  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

  • Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols / therapeutic use
  • Cerebrospinal Fluid / cytology*
  • Female
  • Flow Cytometry / methods*
  • Follow-Up Studies
  • Humans
  • Infant
  • Infant, Newborn
  • Leukemic Infiltration / diagnosis*
  • Male
  • Neoplastic Stem Cells / pathology*
  • Precursor Cell Lymphoblastic Leukemia-Lymphoma / cerebrospinal fluid*
  • Precursor Cell Lymphoblastic Leukemia-Lymphoma / diagnosis
  • Precursor Cell Lymphoblastic Leukemia-Lymphoma / drug therapy
  • Precursor Cell Lymphoblastic Leukemia-Lymphoma / pathology
  • Recurrence