Abstract
Objectives:
To assess the psychometric properties of 4-item questionnaire about sleep habits and time in South American children (3-10 years) and adolescents (11-18 years).
Material and methods:
We evaluated 459 participants from seven South American cities. Two items from week and weekend days wake up time and bedtime were asked twice, with a 2-week interval. We calculated time spent in bed (subtracting wake up time from bedtime). Participants also answered the Healthy Lifestyle in Europe by Nutrition in Adolescence (HELENA) sleep time questionnaire.
Results:
The questionnaire showed acceptable temporal stability in children and adolescents on total days (rho≥0.30; p<0.05). For total days, the questionnaire presented acceptable convergent validity only in children (rho from 0.48 to 0.62; p≤0.01) compared with the HELENA questionnaire.
Conclusion:
The 4-item questionnaire is a reliable and valid tool for children; however, its validity is not consistent in adolescents for sleep habits and time.
Keywords:
Adolescent; Child; Reproducibility of Results; Sleep; Surveys and Questionnaires.
Grants and funding
SAYCARE study researchers were also supported for interpretation of data, and in writing the manuscript. Augusto César Ferreira de Moraes was awarded by Young Investigator grant from FAPESP (proc. 2017/20317-0 and 2019/02617-1). Marcus V. Nascimento Ferreira received a postdoctoral scholarship from Programa Nacional de Pós-Doutorado/Capes (PNPD/CAPES) and a PhD Student Internships abroad scholarship from the National Counsel of Technological and Scientific Development (CNPq, proc. 200340/2015-8) and a Brazilian PhD Student scholarship from the São Paulo Research Foundation (FAPESP, proc. 2016/18436-8 and 2017/11732-3). Full Prof. Luis A. Moreno was given the scholarship of a visiting professor from São Paulo Research Foundation (FAPESP, proc. 2015/11406-3). Heráclito B. Carvalho received a research grant from São Paulo Research Foundation (FAPESP, proc. 2014/11468-6) and an advanced scientist scholarship from National Counsel of Technological and Scientific Development (CNPq: proc. 300951/2015-9). In addition, SAYCARE study design, data collection and analysis were supported by the Brazilian Government from National Counsel of Technological and Scientific Development (CNPq; proc. 471266/2013-2) and São Paulo State Government from São Paulo Research Foundation (FAPESP; proc. 2014/11468-6). The SAYCARE study has also been co-funded by other agencies in other countries as follows: i) Collaborative Projects Fund (R.D. N°501-2015-INSN-DG-OEA) granted by the Instituto Nacional de Salud del Niño, Lima, Perú.; ii) Sustainability Strategy at the University of Antioquia 2014-2015, Research group of social and economic determinants of health and nutrition, and Demography and Health Research Group at the University of Antioquia, Medellin, Colombia, and Interuniversity Services Corporation (CIS) from UdeA; iii) Secretary of University Extension and Student Welfare, University of Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina; and iv) European Regional Development Fund (MICINN-FEDER) to GENUD Research Group.