Objective: To investigate the safety and efficacy of ultrasound-guided percutaneous radiofrequency ablation (RFA) for caudate lobe hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and the failure factors of incomplete tumor ablation. Methods: Twenty-four cases with caudate lobe hepatocellular carcinoma who underwent ultrasound-guided percutaneous RFA in the Affiliated Tumor Hospital of Zhengzhou University from January 2017 to October 2019 were enrolled. The ablation effect and complications conditions were recorded, and the primary technical effectiveness and local tumor progression (LTP) were evaluated. Results: Among 24 cases, 20 cases had complete ablation at one session, 4 cases had incomplete ablation, and after supplementary radiofrequency ablation all cases had achieved complete ablation. There was no evidence of local tumor progression in 24 cases after one-month postoperative evaluation. The primary technical effectiveness rate was 100%. The postoperative follow-up was 2 to 29 months (median follow-up time was 18 months). Of the 24 cases after ablation, LTP were detected in 11 cases, of which only 3 cases had distant intrahepatic recurrence, 1 case had distant intrahepatic recurrence and distant metastasis, and 5 cases had only distant metastasis, 2 cases died, and 4 cases had SIR grade B complications related to ablation. Conclusion: Ultrasound-guided percutaneous radiofrequency ablation was safe and effective for caudate lobe hepatocellular carcinoma. In addition, the distance between the tumor and the inferior vena cava < 0.5cm is a suspected risk factor for incomplete ablation of caudate lobe hepatocellular carcinoma (P < 0.05).
目的： 探讨超声引导下经皮射频消融治疗尾状叶肝细胞癌的安全性、有效性及肿瘤不完全消融的失败因素。 方法： 纳入2017年1月至2019年10月于郑州大学附属肿瘤医院行超声引导下经皮射频消融的尾状叶肝细胞癌的患者24例。记录患者消融效果及并发症情况，评估其主要技术有效率及肿瘤局部进展（LTP）。 结果： 24例患者中，20例一次性完全消融，4例不完全消融，补充射频消融后均达到完全消融，24例患者在术后1个月评估时没有发现LTP的证据，主要技术有效率100%。术后随访2～29个月（中位随访时间18个月），24例消融术后患者中，11例检测到LTP，其中3例LTP仅伴有肝内远处复发、1例LTP伴有肝内远处复发和远处转移，5例LTP仅伴有远处转移，2例死亡，4例患者术后出现消融相关的SIR B级并发症。 结论： 超声引导下经皮射频消融治疗尾状叶肝细胞肝癌是安全的、有效的，肿瘤距离下腔静脉< 0.5 cm是导致肝尾状叶肝细胞肝癌不完全消融的可疑的危险因素（P < 0.05）。.
Keywords: Caudate lobe of liver; Hepatocellular carcinoma; Radiofrequency ablation; Ultrasonic guidance.