SNP-based assessment of genetic purity and diversity in maize hybrid breeding

PLoS One. 2021 Aug 3;16(8):e0249505. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0249505. eCollection 2021.

Abstract

Assessment of genetic purity of parental inbred lines and their resultant F1 hybrids is an essential quality control check in maize hybrid breeding, variety release and seed production. In this study, genetic purity, parent-offspring relationship and diversity among the inbred lines were assessed using 92 single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) markers. A total of 188 maize genotypes, comprising of 26 inbred lines, four doubled haploid (DH) lines and 158 single-cross maize hybrids were investigated in this study using Kompetitive Allele Specific Polymerase Chain Reaction (KASP) genotyping assays. The bi-allelic data was analyzed for genetic purity and diversity parameters using GenAlex software. The SNP markers were highly polymorphic and 90% had polymorphic information content (PIC) values of > 0.3. Pairwise genetic distances among the lines ranged from 0.05 to 0.56, indicating a high level of dissimilarity among the inbred lines. A maximum genetic distance of (0.56) was observed between inbred lines CKDHL0089 and CML443 while the lowest (0.05) was between I-42 and I-40. The majority (67%) of the inbred lines studied were genetically pure with residual heterozygosity of <5%, while only 33% had heterozygosity levels of >5%. Inbred lines, which were not pure, require purification through further inbreeding. Cluster analysis partitioned the lines into three distinct genetic clusters with the potential to contribute new beneficial alleles to the maize breeding program. Out of the 68 hybrids (43%) that passed the parent-offspring test, seven hybrids namely; SCHP29, SCHP95, SCHP94, SCHP134, SCHP44, SCHP114 and SCHP126, were selected as potential candidates for further evaluation and release due to their outstanding yield performance.

Publication types

  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

  • Alleles
  • Chromosomes, Plant / genetics
  • Genes, Plant / genetics*
  • Genetic Variation / genetics
  • Haploidy
  • Human Growth Hormone
  • Hybridization, Genetic / genetics
  • Plant Breeding / methods*
  • Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide / genetics*
  • Zea mays / genetics*

Substances

  • Human Growth Hormone

Grants and funding

This work was funded by the Alliance for a Green Revolution in Africa (AGRA) under the grant number 2014PASS013. Prof JS received the grant. The sponsors did not play any role in designing, data collection or any towards the development of this manuscript.