Objective: To investigate the emergency management process of ruptured abdominal aortic aneurysm (RAAA), and analyze the perioperative mortality factors of different surgical methods. Methods: The emergency data and hospitalization data of 91 patients with ruptured abdominal aortic aneurysm in Xiangya Hospital of Central South University from June 2010 to June 2019 were retrospectively analyzed.Twelve of the patients died preoperatively due to excessive blood loss, and the remaining 79 patients were hospitalized for open surgery (OSR) or endovascular repair (EVAR).The differences in age, time to hospital arrival, emergency preparation time, first creatinine value, emergency infusion volume, preoperative drop in blood pressure, preoperative use of vasoactive drugs and iliac artery involvement were compared between preoperative death group (n=12) and preoperative survival group (n=79), OSR group (n=50) and EVAR group (n=29), postoperative death group (n=23) and postoperative survival group (n=56). Results: Seventy-nine patients received open surgery or endovascular repair, and 23 died after operation. Age, time to hospital arrival, first creatinine value and emergency infusion volume were (77±11) years, (18±5)h, (469±150) μmol/L, (4 140±1 743) ml in the preoperative death group and (70±10) years, (12±8) h, (228±174) μmol/L, (1 358±1 211) ml in the preoperative survival group, respectively, and the differences were statistically significant (all P<0.05). There were no significant differences in preoperative data, intraoperative treatment and postoperative perioperative mortality between the open surgery group and the endovascular repair group (all P>0.05). The intraoperative blood loss, operation time and aortic occlusion rate in the endovascular repair group were 100 (50, 175) ml, (3.2±0.9) h, 13.8%, respectively, which were better than that in the open surgery group 1700 (600, 3425) ml, (5.2±1.1) h, 100%. The differences were statistically significant (all P<0.05). Age, emergency preparation time, first creatinine value, emergency infusion volume, blood pressure decline rate and vasoactive drug utilization rate in the death group were (77±8) years, (4.1±1.7) h, (456±172) μmol/L, (2 024±1 687) ml, 100%, 100%, respectively, and (68±10) years, (2.7±2.2) h, (135±26) μmol/L, (1 085±825) ml, 21.4%, 12.5% in the survival group, respectively. The differences were statistically significant (all P<0.05). Conclusions: Age, emergency preparation time, first creatinine value, emergency infusion volume, decreased blood pressure and use of vasoactive drugs are all associated with perioperative death in patients with ruptured abdominal aortic aneurysm. EVAR surgery is a better choice if conditions exist.
目的： 探讨破裂型腹主动脉瘤的急救处理流程，分析不同手术方式的围手术期死亡因素。 方法： 回顾性分析中南大学湘雅医院2010年6月至2019年6月91例破裂型腹主动脉瘤患者的急诊资料及住院资料。其中12例因失血量过多术前死亡，余79例患者均住院接受开放手术或血管腔内修复术。比较术前死亡组（n=12）与术前存活组（n=79）、开放手术组（n=50）与腔内修复手术组（n=29）、术后死亡组（n=23）与术后存活组（n=56）患者的年龄、到达医院时间、急诊准备时间、第一次肌酐值、急诊输液量、术前血压下降、术前使用血管活性药物及髂动脉是否受累等指标的差异。 结果： 79例患者接受开放手术或血管腔内修复术治疗，术后死亡23例。术前死亡组患者的年龄、到达医院时间、第一次肌酐值、急诊输液量分别为（77±11）岁、（18±5）h、（469±150）μmol/L，（4 140±1 743）ml，术前存活组分别为（70±10）岁、（12±8）h、（228±174）μmol/L、（1 358±1 211）ml，差异均有统计学意义（均P<0.05）。开放手术组与血管腔内修复术组患者的术前资料、术中处理及术后围手术期死亡率差异均无统计学意义（均P>0.05），但血管腔内修复术组患者的术中出血量、手术时间及术中主动脉阻断率分别为100（50，175）ml、（3.2±0.9）h、13.8%，优于开放手术组的1 700（600，3 425）ml、（5.2±1.1） h、100%，差异均有统计学意义（均P<0.05）。术后死亡组患者的年龄、急诊准备时间、第一次肌酐值、急诊输液量、血压下降率及血管活性药物使用率分别为（77±8）岁、（4.1±1.7） h、（456±172）μmol/L、（2 024±1 687）ml、100%、100%，术后存活组分别为（68±10）岁、（2.7±2.2）h、（135±26）μmol/L、（1 085±825）ml、21.4%、12.5%，差异均有统计学意义（均P<0.05）。 结论： 破裂型腹主动脉瘤患者年龄、急诊准备时间、第一次肌酐值、急诊输液量、血压下降及使用血管活性药物均与患者围手术期死亡相关。有条件者，血管腔内修复术是一个较好的选择。.