Effect of a Topical Nonsteroidal Anti-Inflammatory Drug (0.1% Pranoprofen) on VEGF and COX-2 Expression in Primary Pterygium

Bangtao Yao; Fei Wang; Xiaogui Zhao; Bei Wang; Xiaoli Yue; Yuhua Ding; Gang Liu

doi:10.3389/fphar.2021.709251

Effect of a Topical Nonsteroidal Anti-Inflammatory Drug (0.1% Pranoprofen) on VEGF and COX-2 Expression in Primary Pterygium

Front Pharmacol. 2021 Jul 9:12:709251. doi: 10.3389/fphar.2021.709251. eCollection 2021.

Authors

Bangtao Yao¹, Fei Wang², Xiaogui Zhao¹, Bei Wang¹, Xiaoli Yue³, Yuhua Ding², Gang Liu¹

Affiliations

¹ Department of Ophthalmology, Nanjing Lishui District People's Hospital, Lishui Branch of Southeast University Affiliated Zhongda Hospital, Nanjing, China.
² Department of Ophthalmology, Jiangsu Province Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China.
³ Department of Pathology, Nanjing Lishui District People's Hospital, Lishui Branch of Southeast University Affiliated Zhongda Hospital, Nanjing, China.

Abstract

Purpose: To evaluate the effect of a topical nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug (0.1% pranoprofen) on the expression of VEGF and Cox-2 in primary pterygium. Methods: This was a prospective, randomized study. Between January 2019 and April 2020, 120 patients diagnosed with primary pterygium were enrolled and randomly divided into three groups before operation: 1) 40 patients in group 1 received topical pranoprofen 0.1% four times daily for 4 weeks, 2) 40 patients in group 2 received topical fluorometholone 0.1% four times daily for 4 weeks, and 3) patients in group 3 did not receive treatment. For each group, the age, sex, eye type, best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA), intraocular pressure (IOP), duration of onset, combined systemic diseases, and the results regarding vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and cyclo-oxygen-ase-2 (COX-2) in postoperative pterygial tissues were evaluated in detail. Results: There were no significant differences regarding age, sex, eye type, combined systemic diseases, duration of onset, IOP, and BCVA within the three groups (p > 0.05). The reduction of VEGF and CoX-2 expression of pterygial vascular endothelial cells in group 1 were statistically significant compared to group 2 and group 3 (p < 0.05). There were significant correlations between COX-2 and VEGF expression of pterygial tissues within the three groups (p < 0.05). Conclusion: The present findings suggested that the topical pranoprofen 0.1% could reduce the expression of VEGF and COX-2 in primary pterygium. We confirmed that treatment with pranoprofen offers advantages in early intervention and has therapeutic potential in reducing the postoperative recurrence of primary pterygium patients. Clinical Trial registration: The study was registered with the Chinese Clinical Trial Registry. (http://www.chictr.org.cn/index.aspx, Registration Number: ChiCTR2100047726).

Keywords: 01% Pranoprofen; cyclo-oxygen-ase-2; nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug; pterygium; vascular endothelial growth factor.