Genome-wide association mapping reveals key genomic regions for physiological and yield-related traits under salinity stress in wheat (Triticum aestivum L.)

Abstract

A genome-wide association study (GWAS) was conducted using six different multi-locus GWAS models and 35K SNP array to demarcate genomic regions underlying reproductive stage salinity tolerance. Marker-trait association analysis was performed for salt tolerance indices (STI) of 11 morpho-physiological traits, and the actual concentrations of Na⁺ and K⁺, and the Na⁺/K⁺ ratio in flag leaf. A total of 293 significantly associated quantitative trait nucleotides (QTNs) for 14 morpho-physiological traits were identified. Of these 293 QTNs, 12 major QTNs with R² ≥ 10.0% were detected in three or more GWAS models. Novel major QTNs were identified for plant height, number of effective tillers, biomass, grain yield, thousand grain weight, Na⁺ and K⁺ content, and the Na⁺/K⁺ ratio in flag leaf. Moreover, 48 candidate genes were identified from the associated genomic regions. The QTNs identified in this study could potentially be targeted for improving salinity tolerance in wheat.

Keywords: Association mapping; Bread wheat; Multi-locus GWAS; Salinity.