3D and 4D printing: From innovation to evolution

Shadpour Mallakpour; Farbod Tabesh; Chaudhery Mustansar Hussain

doi:10.1016/j.cis.2021.102482

3D and 4D printing: From innovation to evolution

Adv Colloid Interface Sci. 2021 Aug:294:102482. doi: 10.1016/j.cis.2021.102482. Epub 2021 Jul 6.

Authors

Shadpour Mallakpour¹, Farbod Tabesh², Chaudhery Mustansar Hussain³

Affiliations

¹ Organic Polymer Chemistry Research Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, Isfahan University of Technology, Isfahan 84156-83111, Islamic Republic of Iran. Electronic address: mallak@iut.ac.ir.
² Organic Polymer Chemistry Research Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, Isfahan University of Technology, Isfahan 84156-83111, Islamic Republic of Iran.
³ Department of Chemistry and Environmental Science, New Jersey Institute of Technology, Newark N J 07102, USA.

PMID: 34274721
DOI: 10.1016/j.cis.2021.102482

Abstract

The world and science are moving forward nonstop. Every day, we see novel technologies that are coming to improve life quality. One of them is 3D printing or additive manufacturing. This technology covers the shortage of the current manufacturing technologies, and it has been enhanced by introducing smart materials like smart polymers as feed. The following product can adapt to circumstance conditions such as temperature changes, compression alteration, etc. These responses resulted in an advanced 3D printing technology called 4D printing. 3D and 4D printing technologies found their applications in all areas and industry sizes, from home-scale to large-scale industries. Regardless of all advantages of these technologies, there are still some shortages like low printing speed. But this never stops their progression and promotion. In this review, we aimed to cover general knowledge about 3D and 4D printing and their recent applications in various fields.

Keywords: 3D and 4D printing; Additive manufacturing; Nanotechnology; Shape memory material; Smart material.

Publication types

Review