Seroprevalence of viral hepatitis B and C in two populations: blood donors and patients with suspected hepatic cirrhosis in Kwilu province, Democratic Republic of Congo

Abstract

Introduction: Hepatitis B virus (HBV) and hepatitis C virus (HCV) infections are associated with high morbidity and mortality in the developing world. The global mortality caused by viral hepatitis is higher than that caused by HIV infection. Screening of two different populations - blood donors and patients with suspected hepatic cirrhosis - can help to estimate the seroprevalence in the population and what the burden of the infection is on liver disease.

Methods: This was a cross-sectional, descriptive study performed in Vanga, a rural region of the Democratic Republic of Congo. Data were used from 2016 to 2018 for blood donors, and patients with ascites and abnormal liver ultrasound.

Results: A total of 3,497 blood donors were recruited, among whom 92.5% were male; 3% were positive for HCV antibodies; 3.4% were positive for HBsAg; and 0.4% for HBsAg and HCV, respectively. There were 190 patients with suspected cirrhosis on ultrasound: 71 (37.4%) were female and 119 (62.4%) male; 32.6% and 10.6% were positive for HBV and HCV, respectively; 2.6% were co-infected with HBV and HCV.

Conclusion: Blood donors and patients with ascites and liver abnormalities were frequently infected by HBV, HCV, and/or HIV in a rural region of the DRC. Detection is essential for limiting the risk of transmission and treating those infected.

Keywords: Blood donors; Democratic Republic of Congo; Seroprevalence; Suspected cirrhosis; Viral hepatitis.