COVID-19 and acute exacerbation of interstitial lung disease

Yasuhiro Kondoh; Kensuke Kataoka; Masaru Ando; Yukikazu Awaya; Kazuya Ichikado; Mikio Kataoka; Yuko Komase; Masamichi Mineshita; Yasushi Ohno; Hiroaki Okamoto; Takashi Ooki; Yuri Tasaka; Hiromi Tomioka; Takafumi Suda

doi:10.1016/j.resinv.2021.06.007

COVID-19 and acute exacerbation of interstitial lung disease

Respir Investig. 2021 Sep;59(5):675-678. doi: 10.1016/j.resinv.2021.06.007. Epub 2021 Jun 30.

Authors

Yasuhiro Kondoh¹, Kensuke Kataoka², Masaru Ando³, Yukikazu Awaya⁴, Kazuya Ichikado⁵, Mikio Kataoka⁶, Yuko Komase⁷, Masamichi Mineshita⁸, Yasushi Ohno⁹, Hiroaki Okamoto¹⁰, Takashi Ooki¹¹, Yuri Tasaka¹², Hiromi Tomioka¹³, Takafumi Suda¹⁴

Affiliations

¹ Department of Respiratory Medicine and Allergy, Tosei General Hospital, Seto, Japan. Electronic address: kondoh@tosei.or.jp.
² Department of Respiratory Medicine and Allergy, Tosei General Hospital, Seto, Japan.
³ Department of Respiratory Medicine, Oita Prefectural Hospital, Oita, Japan.
⁴ Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Itabashi Chuo Medical Center, Tokyo, Japan.
⁵ Division of Respiratory Medicine, Saiseikai Kumamoto Hospital, Kumamoto, Japan.
⁶ Department of Respiratory Medicine, Onomichi Municipal Hospital, Onomichi, Japan.
⁷ Department of Respiratory Internal Medicine, St.Marianna University School of Medicine, Yokohama-City Seibu Hospital, Yokohama, Japan.
⁸ Internal Medicine, Division of Respiratory Medicine, St. Marianna University School of Medicine, Kawasaki, Japan.
⁹ Department of Respirology, Graduate School of Medicine, Gifu University, Gifu, Japan.
¹⁰ Department of Respiratory Medicine, Yokohama Municipal Citizen's Hospital, Yokohama, Japan.
¹¹ Department of Respiratory Medicine, Japan Community Health Care Organization Yokohama Chuo Hospital, Kanagawa, Japan.
¹² Department of Respiratory Medicine, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, 1-5-45 Yushima, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8519, Japan.
¹³ Department of Respiratory Medicine, Kobe City Medical Center West Hospital, Kobe, Japan.
¹⁴ Second Division, Department of Internal Medicine, Hamamatsu University School of Medicine, Hamamatsu, Japan.

Abstract

We conducted a study to examine the effect of COVID-19 on the acute exacerbation of interstitial lung disease (AE-ILD) early in the COVID-19 epidemic (January 1-April 30, 2020). An online questionnaire survey was conducted, which was completed by 134 hospitals. During this period, 854 patients with AE-ILD (including 12 cases of COVID-AE-idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis were hospitalized at 128 hospitals. In comparison, the total number of AE-ILD hospitalizations during the same period in 2019 was 894. The number of hospitalizations increased at 17 hospitals, decreased at 27, and remained the same at 88 hospitals in 2020 compared to the same period in 2019. In 2020, COVID-19-related acute exacerbations had a significantly worse prognosis than non-COVID-19-related acute exacerbations in both 30-day and 90-day mortality. Because the prognosis of AE-ILD associated with COVID-19 is extremely poor, prevention of COVID-19 is especially important for patients with ILD.

Keywords: Acute exacerbation; COVID-19; Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis; Interstitial lung disease.

MeSH terms

Acute Disease
COVID-19* / complications
Disease Progression
Humans
Lung Diseases, Interstitial* / epidemiology
Lung Diseases, Interstitial* / etiology
Prognosis
Retrospective Studies
Risk Factors
SARS-CoV-2