Aspergillus flavus Infections in Children With Leukemia Despite Liposomal Amphotericin-B Prophylaxis

Pediatr Infect Dis J. 2021 Aug 1;40(8):749-752. doi: 10.1097/INF.0000000000003189.

Abstract

Liposomal amphotericin-B (L-AmB) prophylaxis is used in children with leukemia when azoles are contraindicated, but its effect is debated. We reviewed cases of invasive aspergillosis despite L-AmB 2.5 mg/kg twice weekly in children with high-risk leukemia during 2012-2019. Ten (16%) of 62 children had proven or probable aspergillosis. Thus, L-AmB prophylaxis offered insufficient protection for Aspergillus, in particular for Aspergillus flavus.

MeSH terms

  • Adolescent
  • Amphotericin B / therapeutic use*
  • Antifungal Agents / therapeutic use*
  • Aspergillosis / prevention & control*
  • Aspergillus flavus / drug effects*
  • Child
  • Child, Preschool
  • Denmark / epidemiology
  • Hospitals, Pediatric
  • Humans
  • Infant
  • Leukemia / complications*
  • Retrospective Studies

Substances

  • Antifungal Agents
  • liposomal amphotericin B
  • Amphotericin B