The Neuroinflammasome in Alzheimer's Disease and Cerebral Stroke

Jong-Hoon Lee; Chul Joong Lee; Jungwuk Park; So Jeong Lee; Su-Hee Choi

doi:10.1159/000516074

The Neuroinflammasome in Alzheimer's Disease and Cerebral Stroke

Dement Geriatr Cogn Dis Extra. 2021 Jun 10;11(2):159-167. doi: 10.1159/000516074. eCollection 2021 May-Aug.

Authors

Jong-Hoon Lee¹, Chul Joong Lee², Jungwuk Park³, So Jeong Lee⁴, Su-Hee Choi⁵

Affiliations

¹ Science and Research Center, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
² Zein Pain Clinic Seongbuk, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
³ Research Center of Integrative Functional Medicine, Department of Neurosurgery, Chungdam Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
⁴ Department of BioSciences, Wiess School of Natural Sciences, Rice University, Houston, Texas, USA.
⁵ Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea.

Abstract

Aim/background: This review investigated a patient with Alzheimer's disease (AD) treated with 4,4'-diaminodiphenyl sulfone (DDS) as a neuroinflammasome competitor.

Methods: We monitored AD's progression through numeric clinical staging (NCS) with a new biomarker. NCS was determined by the presence of AD symptoms and neuropsychiatric (NP) symptoms caused by anti-AD (AAD) drugs (D) as a biomarker. We also monitored the function of DDS for stroke in a no-intake emergency state.

Results: By introducing (D), AD's progression was monitored through NCS staging. AAD side effects and neuropsychiatric symptoms were identified. DDS was stopped in patients with stroke with NCS 6 caused by AAD, and it rapidly proceeded to cerebral infarct.

Conclusions: AAD can occasionally exacerbate AD and stroke. DDS can alleviate mild cognitive impairment (MCI), early AD and stroke. We clinically confirmed the role of DDS as a neuroinflammasome competitor after stroke. DDS preserved neuronal survival within 24-55 h in the Seoul Study cohort.

Keywords: 4,4′-Diaminodiphenyl sulfone (dapsone); Alzheimer's disease; Lepromatous leprosy (Hansen's disease); Monoacetyldapsone; Myeloperoxidase; NLRP3; Parkinson's disease; Toll-like receptor.