Effects of dietary supplementation of glucose oxidase, catalase, or both on reproductive performance, oxidative stress, fecal microflora and apoptosis in multiparous sows

Xiaojiao Sun; Longguo Piao; Haifeng Jin; K Margarette C Nogoy; Junfang Zhang; Bin Sun; Yi Jin; Dong Hoon Lee; Seong-Ho Choi; Stephen B Smith; Xiangzi Li

doi:10.5713/ab.20.0839

Effects of dietary supplementation of glucose oxidase, catalase, or both on reproductive performance, oxidative stress, fecal microflora and apoptosis in multiparous sows

Anim Biosci. 2022 Jan;35(1):75-86. doi: 10.5713/ab.20.0839. Epub 2021 Jun 23.

Authors

Xiaojiao Sun^{1

2}, Longguo Piao², Haifeng Jin², K Margarette C Nogoy³, Junfang Zhang¹, Bin Sun¹, Yi Jin¹, Dong Hoon Lee³, Seong-Ho Choi⁴, Stephen B Smith⁵, Xiangzi Li¹

Affiliations

¹ Department of Animal Science, Yanbian University, Yanji 133002, China.
² CJ Cheiljedang feed (China) R&D center, Shenyang, Liaoning, 110000, China.
³ Department of Biosystems Engineering, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju 28644, Korea.
⁴ Department of Animal Science, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju 28644, Korea.
⁵ Department of Animal Science, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843-2471, USA.

Abstract

Objective: The objective of this experiment was to investigate the effect of dietary glucose oxidase (GOD), catalase (CAT), or both supplementation on reproductive performance, oxidative stress, and apoptosis in sows.

Methods: A total of 104 multiparous sows were randomly assigned to four groups (n = 26) with each group given a basal diet, basal diet plus GOD at 60 U/kg, basal diet plus CAT at 75 U/kg, and basal diet plus GOD at 60 U/kg and CAT at 75 U/kg. Sows were fed the experimental diets throughout gestation and lactation.

Results: Dietary GOD supplementation increased average daily feed intake of sows and litter weight at weaning (p<0.05). Dietary CAT supplementation reduced the duration of parturition, stillbirth, and piglet mortality and increased growth performance of weaned piglets (p<0.05). Dietary GOD and CAT supplementation enhanced antioxidant enzyme activities and lessened oxidative stress product levels in plasma of sows and elevated anti-oxidant capacity of 14-day milk and plasma in weaned piglets (p<0.05). Dietary GOD supplementation increased fecal Lactobacillus counts and reduced Escherichia coli counts of sows (p<0.05). Compared with the basal diet, the GOD diet reduced fecal Escherichia coli counts of sows, but the addition of CAT did not reduce Escherichia coli counts in the GOD diet. Dietary GOD and CAT supplementation reduced the apoptosis rate of the liver, endometrium, and ovarian granulosa cells in sows (p<0.05). In the liver, uterus, and ovary of sows, the mRNA expression of caspase-3 and caspase-9 was downregulated by dietary GOD and CAT supplementation (p<0.05).

Conclusion: Dietary GOD and CAT supplementation could improve the antioxidant capacity of sows and weaned piglets, and alleviate hepatic, ovarian and uterine apoptosis by weakening apoptosis-related gene expression. Glucose oxidase regulated fecal microflora of sows, but supplementation of CAT to GOD could weaken the inhibitory effect of GOD on fecal Escherichia coli.

Keywords: Apoptosis; Catalase; Fecal Microflora; Glucose Oxidase; Oxidative Stress; Sows.