The key factors driving the pathogenesis of alcoholic liver disease are still not fully understood. At present, it is believed that the direct toxic effects of ethanol and its intermediate metabolite acetaldehyde can cause oxidative stress, mitochondrial damage, adipogenesis, malnutrition, intestinal endotoxin leakage, etc., thereby participating in the occurrence and progression of alcoholic liver disease. Among the many pathogenic factors that have been revealed, the immunological mechanism plays an important role. Therefore, the role of immune cells and inflammatory mediators has attracted much attention. This article reviews and summarizes the new progress of specific immune cell mechanisms involved in innate and adaptive immune response during the formation and development of alcoholic liver disease, and proposes potential therapeutic targets and clinical trials of related new drugs, which may improve the re-recognition of molecular mechanism and treatment expectation in clinical practice.
驱动酒精性肝病发病机制的关键因素至今尚不完全明晰。目前认为，乙醇及其中间代谢物乙醛的直接毒性作用可引起氧化应激、线粒体损伤、脂肪生成、营养不良和内毒素从肠道中渗漏等，这些因素均参与了酒精性肝病的发生及进展。在诸多已被揭示的致病因素中，免疫学机制占有重要地位，而免疫细胞及炎性介质在其中发挥的作用引人关注。现对酒精性肝病形成、发展中参与的先天及适应性免疫反应的特定免疫细胞作用机制新进展进行总结及评述，呈现潜在治疗靶点及相关新药临床试验开展情况，提升临床实践中对酒精性肝病分子机制及治疗期待的再认识。.
Keywords: Immune cells; Liver diseases, alcoholic; Therapeutic target.