Neuromodulation in Pediatric Epilepsy

Irfan Ali; Kim Houck

doi:10.1016/j.ncl.2021.04.003

Neuromodulation in Pediatric Epilepsy

Neurol Clin. 2021 Aug;39(3):797-810. doi: 10.1016/j.ncl.2021.04.003.

Authors

Irfan Ali¹, Kim Houck²

Affiliations

¹ Texas Children's Hospital, 6701 Fannin Street, Suite 1250, Houston, TX 77030, USA. Electronic address: ixali@texaschildrens.org.
² Texas Children's Hospital, 6701 Fannin Street, Suite 1250, Houston, TX 77030, USA.

PMID: 34215387
DOI: 10.1016/j.ncl.2021.04.003

Abstract

Neuromodulation alters neuronal activity with electrical impulses delivered to the targeted neurologic sites. The various neuromodulation options available today for epilepsy management have proven efficacy primarily in adult trials. These include open-loop stimulation with invasive vagus nerve stimulation and deep brain stimulation, as well as closed-loop responsive neurostimulation. The use of neurostimulation therapy to treat intractable epilepsy in children is growing. This article reviews the literature, historical background, and current principles in pediatric patients.

Keywords: DBS; Epilepsy; Neuromodulation; Neurostimulation; RNS; Refractory epilepsy; TMS; VNS.

Publication types

Review

MeSH terms

Child
Deep Brain Stimulation*
Drug Resistant Epilepsy* / diagnosis
Drug Resistant Epilepsy* / therapy
Epilepsy* / therapy
Humans
Transcutaneous Electric Nerve Stimulation
Vagus Nerve Stimulation*