Assessment of nocturnal enuresis diagnostic criteria

Abstract

Introduction: Nocturnal enuresis (NE) is a common disorder that affects both children and their families. The objective is to determine its prevalence in an extensive sample of children considering different diagnostic criteria.

Patients and methods: Cross-sectional descriptive study using a survey of parents of a selection of primary and secondary school Asturian children (6, 10 and 13 years). The questionnaire consisted of 80 or 55 questions (10 of which were answered by the children) for those who urinated or not in bed, respectively. NE was registered as primary or secondary, and the presence or not of enuresis as the only symptom. In addition, the prevalence was compared according to the different diagnostic criteria.

Results: Of the 3548 questionnaires distributed, 56.6% were answered completed correctly. A total of 102 children urinated in bed (5.52%), which corresponds to a prevalence of 2.82% according to the DSM-IV-TR/5 and the (International Continence Society) ICC, 3.7% with the DSM-III and ICD-10. It was more frequent in boys than in girls (2.8:1), with a predominance of primary forms (81.2%), and non-monosymptomatic (68.66%). The spontaneous resolution in the older age group was higher in boys than in girls, with the different prevalences of previous ages being equal to 13 years.

Conclusions: The prevalence of NE in the studied region coincides with that observed in some other studies. There are differences according to the criteria used, which should draw attention to the need to unify the methodology of the studies and the criteria used in its diagnosis.

Keywords: Atención primaria; Enuresis nocturna; Nocturnal enuresis; Prevalence; Prevalencia; Primary health care.