Designing of Co0.5Ni0.5GaxFe2-xO4 (0.0 ≤ x ≤ 1.0) Microspheres via Hydrothermal Approach and Their Selective Inhibition on the Growth of Cancerous and Fungal Cells

Suriya Rehman; Munirah A Almessiere; Suhailah S Al-Jameel; Uzma Ali; Yassine Slimani; Nedaa Tashkandi; Najat S Al-Saleh; Ayyar Manikandan; Firdos Alam Khan; Ebtesam A Al-Suhaimi; Abdulhadi Baykal

doi:10.3390/pharmaceutics13070962

Designing of Co_0.5Ni₀.₅Ga_xFe_2-xO₄ (0.0 ≤ x ≤ 1.0) Microspheres via Hydrothermal Approach and Their Selective Inhibition on the Growth of Cancerous and Fungal Cells

Pharmaceutics. 2021 Jun 26;13(7):962. doi: 10.3390/pharmaceutics13070962.

Authors

Affiliations

¹ Department of Epidemic Diseases Research, Institute for Research & Medical Consultations (IRMC), Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam 31441, Saudi Arabia.
² Department of Biophysics, Institute for Research and Medical Consultations, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, P.O. Box 1982, Dammam 31441, Saudi Arabia.
³ Department of Physics, College of Science, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam 31441, Saudi Arabia.
⁴ Department of Chemistry, College of Science, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam 31441, Saudi Arabia.
⁵ Department of Public Health, College of Public Health, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam 31441, Saudi Arabia.
⁶ Department of Nanomedicine, Institute for Research and Medical Consultations, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, P.O. Box 1982, Dammam 31441, Saudi Arabia.
⁷ Family and Community Medicine, King Fahad Hospital of the University, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, P.O. Box 1982, Dammam 31441, Saudi Arabia.
⁸ Department of Chemistry, Bharath Institute of Higher Education and Research (BIHER), Bharath University, Chennai 600 073, Tamil Nadu, India.
⁹ Department of Stem Cell Research, Institute for Research and Medical Consultations (IRMC), Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, P.O. Box 1982, Dammam 31441, Saudi Arabia.
¹⁰ Biology Department, College of Science, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, P.O. Box 1982, Dammam 31441, Saudi Arabia.

Abstract

The current study offers an efficient design of novel nanoparticle microspheres (MCs) using a hydrothermal approach. The Co_0.5Ni_0.5Ga_xFe_2-xO₄ (0.0 ≤ x ≤ 1.0) MCs were prepared by engineering the elements, such as cobalt (Co), nickel (Ni), iron (Fe), and gallium (Ga). There was a significant variation in MCs' physical structure and surface morphology, which was evaluated using energy dispersive X-ray analysis (EDX), X-ray diffractometer (XRD), high-resolution transmission electron microscopy (HR-TEM), and scanning electron microscope (SEM). The anti-proliferative activity of MCs was examined by MTT assay and DAPI staining using human colorectal carcinoma cells (HCT-116), human cervical cancer cells (HeLa), and a non-cancerous cell line-human embryonic kidney cells (HEK-293). Post 72 h treatment, MCs caused a dose dependent inhibition of growth and proliferation of HCT-116 and HeLa cells. Conversely, no cytotoxic effect was observed on HEK-293 cells. The anti-fungal action was assessed by the colony forming units (CFU) technique and SEM, resulting in the survival rate of Candida albicans as 20%, with severe morphogenesis, on treatment with MCs x = 1.0. These findings suggest that newly engineered microspheres have the potential for pharmaceutical importance, in terms of infectious diseases and anti-cancer therapy.

Keywords: Keywords: nanomaterial synthesis; anti-cancer agents; anti-fungal; microspheres.