A rare case of bilateral primary renal Burkitt lymphoma presenting with acute renal failure

Abstract

Acute renal failure due to primary renal Burkitt lymphoma in children is extremely rare. We report a case with acute secondary renal failure in a 4-year-old boy who presented with abdominal pain, anorexia, and vomiting. Abdominal computed tomography scans showed bilateral nephromegaly with multiple hypoenhancing regions. Renal biopsy confirmed Burkitt lymphoma. There was no lymphadenopathy or evidence of other solid organ involvement. The patient was responsive to treatment using the EPOCH-R protocol (etoposide, prednisone, vincristine, cyclophosphamide , doxorubicin, and rituximab). Here, we describe the clinical and imaging features associated with this rare entity.

Keywords: Acute renal failure; Burkitt lymphoma; Primary renal lymphoma.