The process of disinfection of wastewater must use friendly materials with the environment that achieve the inhibition of bacterial growth, aiming to improve the quality of the water. In this study, electrospun nanocomposites CS (chitosan)/AgNPs (silver nanoparticles) was developed for wastewater disinfection through filtration. First, AgNPs were synthesized by a green synthesis method using aloe vera (Aloe Barbadensis Miller) extract as a reducing agent, and AgNO3 as metal precursor. AgNPs were characterized by UV-Vis spectroscopy with a SPR band at 420 nm. Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM) demonstrates the formation of semispherical AgNPs with a diameter ca. 16 nm. The nanocomposites fibers CS/AgNPs were analyzed by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), with the presence of uniform fibers (diameter ca. 120 nm) and embedded AgNPs, determined by EDS and elemental mapping. Surface topography of CS/AgNPs fibers was evaluated by Atomic Force Microscopy (AFM), where the surface roughness of fibers is increased with the NPs content. Finally, the antibacterial activity (AA) of CS/AgNPs nanocomposites was evaluated against S. aureus and P. aeruginosa during 1 and 2 h of contact, obtaining an AA of 90 % in CS/AgNPs-2 mM after 2 h with P. aeruginosa. The fabrication of electrospun nanocomposites with silver nanoparticles represents a platform to the fabrication of multifunctional polymer membranes for wastewater disinfection.