CRISPR activation of long non-coding RNA DANCR promotes bone regeneration

Nuong Thi Kieu Nguyen; Yu-Han Chang; Vu Anh Truong; Mu-Nung Hsu; Nam Ngoc Pham; Chin-Wei Chang; Yi-Hsiu Wu; Yi-Hao Chang; Hung Li; Yu-Chen Hu

doi:10.1016/j.biomaterials.2021.120965

CRISPR activation of long non-coding RNA DANCR promotes bone regeneration

Biomaterials. 2021 Aug:275:120965. doi: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2021.120965. Epub 2021 Jun 11.

Authors

Affiliations

¹ Department of Chemical Engineering, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, 30013, Taiwan.
² Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Linkou, 333, Taiwan; College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, 333, Taiwan.
³ Department of Chemical Engineering, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, 30013, Taiwan; Frontier Research Center on Fundamental and Applied Sciences of Matters, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu 30013, Taiwan. Electronic address: yuchen@che.nthu.edu.tw.

PMID: 34147719
DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2021.120965

Abstract

Healing of large calvarial bone defects in adults adopts intramembranous pathway and is difficult. Implantation of adipose-derived stem cells (ASC) that differentiate towards chondrogenic lineage can switch the bone repair pathway and improve calvarial bone healing. Long non-coding RNA DANCR was recently uncovered to promote chondrogenesis, but its roles in rat ASC (rASC) chondrogenesis and bone healing stimulation have yet to be explored. Here we first verified that DANCR expression promoted rASC chondrogenesis, thus we harnessed CRISPR activation (CRISPRa) technology to upregulate endogenous DANCR, stimulate rASC chondrogenesis and improve calvarial bone healing in rats. We generated 4 different dCas9-VPR orthologues by fusing a tripartite transcription activator domain VPR to catalytically dead Cas9 (dCas9) derived from 4 different bacteria, and compared the degree of activation using the 4 different dCas9-VPR. We unveiled surprisingly that the most commonly used dCas9-VPR derived from Streptococcus pyogenes barely activated DANCR. Nonetheless dCas9-VPR from Staphylococcus aureus (SadCas9-VPR) triggered efficient activation of DANCR in rASC. Delivery of SadCas9-VPR and the associated guide RNA into rASC substantially enhanced chondrogenic differentiation of rASC and augmented cartilage formation in vitro. Implantation of the engineered rASC remarkably potentiated the calvarial bone healing in rats. Furthermore, we identified that DANCR improved the rASC chondrogenesis through inhibition of miR-203a and miR-214. These results collectively proved that DANCR activation by SadCas9-VPR-based CRISPRa provides a novel therapeutic approach to improving calvarial bone healing.

Keywords: Bone healing; CRISPRa; DANCR; dCas9-VPR; lncRNA; miRNA.

Publication types

Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

Animals
Bone Regeneration*
CRISPR-Cas Systems
Cell Differentiation
Chondrogenesis
RNA, Guide, CRISPR-Cas Systems
RNA, Long Noncoding*
Rats

Substances

RNA, Guide, CRISPR-Cas Systems
RNA, Long Noncoding