Table-top extreme ultraviolet second harmonic generation

Tobias Helk; Emma Berger; Sasawat Jamnuch; Lars Hoffmann; Adeline Kabacinski; Julien Gautier; Fabien Tissandier; Jean-Philipe Goddet; Hung-Tzu Chang; Juwon Oh; C Das Pemmaraju; Tod A Pascal; Stephane Sebban; Christian Spielmann; Michael Zuerch

doi:10.1126/sciadv.abe2265

Table-top extreme ultraviolet second harmonic generation

Sci Adv. 2021 May 19;7(21):eabe2265. doi: 10.1126/sciadv.abe2265. Print 2021 May.

Authors

Tobias Helk^{1

2}, Emma Berger^{3

4}, Sasawat Jamnuch⁵, Lars Hoffmann⁶, Adeline Kabacinski⁷, Julien Gautier⁷, Fabien Tissandier⁷, Jean-Philipe Goddet⁷, Hung-Tzu Chang³, Juwon Oh³, C Das Pemmaraju⁸, Tod A Pascal^{5

9

10}, Stephane Sebban⁷, Christian Spielmann^{1

2}, Michael Zuerch^{1

3

4

6}

Affiliations

¹ Institute of Optics and Quantum Electronics, Abbe Center of Photonics, Friedrich-Schiller University, 07743 Jena, Germany. tobias.helk@uni-jena.de christian.spielmann@uni-jena.de mwz@berkeley.edu.
² Helmholtz Institute Jena, 07743 Jena, Germany.
³ Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA.
⁴ Materials Science Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA.
⁵ ATLAS Materials Physics Laboratory, Department of NanoEngineering and Chemical Engineering, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92023, USA.
⁶ Fritz Haber Institute of the Max Planck Society, 14195 Berlin, Germany.
⁷ Laboratoire d'Optique Appliquée, ENSTA Paris, Ecole Polytechnique, CNRS, Institut Polytechnique de Paris, Palaiseau, France.
⁸ Stanford Institute for Materials and Energy Sciences, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Stanford, CA 94025, USA.
⁹ Materials Science and Engineering, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92023, USA.
¹⁰ Sustainable Power and Energy Center, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92023, USA.

Abstract

The lack of available table-top extreme ultraviolet (XUV) sources with high enough fluxes and coherence properties has limited the availability of nonlinear XUV and x-ray spectroscopies to free-electron lasers (FELs). Here, we demonstrate second harmonic generation (SHG) on a table-top XUV source by observing SHG near the Ti M_2,3 edge with a high-harmonic seeded soft x-ray laser. Furthermore, this experiment represents the first SHG experiment in the XUV. First-principles electronic structure calculations suggest the surface specificity and separate the observed signal into its resonant and nonresonant contributions. The realization of XUV-SHG on a table-top source opens up more accessible opportunities for the study of element-specific dynamics in multicomponent systems where surface, interfacial, and bulk-phase asymmetries play a driving role.

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