Multimaterial bioprinting and combination of processing techniques towards the fabrication of biomimetic tissues and organs

Maryam Tavafoghi; Mohammad Ali Darabi; Mahboobeh Mahmoodi; Rumeysa Tutar; Chun Xu; Arshia Mirjafari; Fabrizio Billi; Wojciech Swieszkowski; Fatemeh Nasrollahi; Samad Ahadian; Vahid Hosseini; Ali Khademhosseini; Nureddin Ashammakhi

doi:10.1088/1758-5090/ac0b9a

Multimaterial bioprinting and combination of processing techniques towards the fabrication of biomimetic tissues and organs

Biofabrication. 2021 Aug 5;13(4). doi: 10.1088/1758-5090/ac0b9a.

Authors

Maryam Tavafoghi^{1

2}, Mohammad Ali Darabi^{1

2

3

4}, Mahboobeh Mahmoodi^{1

2

5}, Rumeysa Tutar^{1

2

6}, Chun Xu^{1

2

7}, Arshia Mirjafari^{1

2}, Fabrizio Billi⁸, Wojciech Swieszkowski⁹, Fatemeh Nasrollahi^{1

2

4}, Samad Ahadian^{1

2

4}, Vahid Hosseini^{1

2

4}, Ali Khademhosseini^{1

2

3

4

10}, Nureddin Ashammakhi^{1

3

11}

Affiliations

¹ Center for Minimally Invasive Therapeutics (C-MIT), University of California, Los Angeles, CA, United States of America.
² Department of Bioengineering, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, United States of America.
³ Department of Radiological Sciences, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, United States of America.
⁴ Terasaki Institute for Biomedical Innovation, Los Angeles, CA, United States of America.
⁵ Department of Biomedical Engineering, Yazd Branch, Islamic Azad University, Yazd, Iran.
⁶ Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Engineering, Istanbul University-Cerrahpasa Avcılar, Istanbul 34320, Turkey.
⁷ School of Dentistry, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia.
⁸ UCLA/OIC Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, David Geffen School of Medicine, UCLA, Los Angeles, CA, United States of America.
⁹ Biomaterials Group, Materials Design Division, Faculty of Materials Science and Engineering, Warsaw University of Technology, Warsaw, Poland.
¹⁰ Department of Chemical Engineering, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, United States of America.
¹¹ Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Engineering, Michigan State University, MI, United States of America.

PMID: 34130266
DOI: 10.1088/1758-5090/ac0b9a

Abstract

Tissue reconstruction requires the utilization of multiple biomaterials and cell types to replicate the delicate and complex structure of native tissues. Various three-dimensional (3D) bioprinting techniques have been developed to fabricate customized tissue structures; however, there are still significant challenges, such as vascularization, mechanical stability of printed constructs, and fabrication of gradient structures to be addressed for the creation of biomimetic and complex tissue constructs. One approach to address these challenges is to develop multimaterial 3D bioprinting techniques that can integrate various types of biomaterials and bioprinting capabilities towards the fabrication of more complex structures. Notable examples include multi-nozzle, coaxial, and microfluidics-assisted multimaterial 3D bioprinting techniques. More advanced multimaterial 3D printing techniques are emerging, and new areas in this niche technology are rapidly evolving. In this review, we briefly introduce the basics of individual 3D bioprinting techniques and then discuss the multimaterial 3D printing techniques that can be developed based on combination of these techniques for the engineering of complex and biomimetic tissue constructs. We also discuss the perspectives and future directions to develop state-of-the-art multimaterial 3D bioprinting techniques for engineering tissues and organs.

Keywords: biomimetic; complex constructs; mechanical strength; multimaterial 3D bioprinting; tissue interfaces; vascularization.

Publication types

Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
Review

MeSH terms

Biocompatible Materials
Biomimetics*
Bioprinting*
Printing, Three-Dimensional
Tissue Engineering

Substances

Biocompatible Materials