Total Flavonoids of Rhizoma Drynariae Promotes Differentiation of Osteoblasts and Growth of Bone Graft in Induced Membrane Partly by Activating Wnt/β-Catenin Signaling Pathway

Shuyuan Li; Hongliang Zhou; Cheng Hu; Jiabao Yang; Jinfei Ye; Yuexi Zhou; Zige Li; Leilei Chen; Qishi Zhou

doi:10.3389/fphar.2021.675470

Total Flavonoids of Rhizoma Drynariae Promotes Differentiation of Osteoblasts and Growth of Bone Graft in Induced Membrane Partly by Activating Wnt/β-Catenin Signaling Pathway

Front Pharmacol. 2021 May 26:12:675470. doi: 10.3389/fphar.2021.675470. eCollection 2021.

Authors

Shuyuan Li^{1

2}, Hongliang Zhou^{1

2}, Cheng Hu^{1

2}, Jiabao Yang^{1

2}, Jinfei Ye^{1

2}, Yuexi Zhou^{1

2}, Zige Li^{1

2}, Leilei Chen³, Qishi Zhou⁴

Affiliations

¹ Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China.
² Lingnan Medical Research Center of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China.
³ Third Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China.
⁴ First Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China.

Abstract

Total flavonoids of Rhizoma drynariae (TFRD), a Chinese medicine, is widely used in the treatment of fracture, bone defect, osteoporosis and other orthopedic diseases, and has achieved good effects. Purpose of this trial was to explore efficacy of TFRD on bone graft's mineralization and osteoblasts' differentiation in Masquelet induced membrane technique in rats. Forty male Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into high dose group (H-TFRD), middle dose group (M-TFRD), low dose group (L-TFRD) and control group (control). The critical size bone defect model of rats was established with 10 rats in each group. Polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA) spacer was implanted into the defect of right femur in rats. After the formation of the induced membrane, autogenous bone was implanted into the induced membrane. After 12 weeks of bone graft, bone tissues in the area of bone graft were examined by X-ray, Micro-CT, hematoxylin-eosin (HE) and Masson trichrome staining to evaluate the growth of the bone graft. The β-catenin, c-myc, COL1A1, BMP-2 and OPN in bone graft were quantitatively analyzed by Western blot and Immunohistostaining. Osteoblasts were cultured in the medium containing TFRD. Cell Counting Kit-8 (CCK-8) method, Alkaline phosphatase (ALP) and Alizarin Red S (ARS) staining, Western blot, RT-PCR and other methods were used to detect the effects of TFRD on the proliferation of osteoblasts and the regulation of Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway. In vivo experiments showed that the growth and mineralization of bone graft in TFRD group was better. Moreover, the expression of Wnt/β-catenin and osteogenesis-related proteins in bone tissue of TFRD group was more than that in other groups. In vitro experiments indicated that osteoblasts proliferated faster, activity of ALP was higher, number of mineralized nodules and proteins related to osteogenesis were more in TFRD group. But blocking Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway could limit these effects. Therefore, TFRD could promote mineralization of bone graft and differentiation of osteoblasts in a dose-dependent manner during growing period of the bone graft of induced membrane technique, which is partly related to the activation of Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway.

Keywords: Wnt/β-catenin; bone defect; induced membrane; osteogenic efficacy; total flavonoids of rhizoma drynariae.