Morphological features of Class I, II and III malocclusions of Saudi adolescents

Khalid H Zawawi; Fahad F Alsulaimani; Ayman A Al-Dharrab; Ahmed R Afify; Mohammad S Al-Zahrani; Hosam A Baeshen

doi:10.1016/j.sjbs.2021.03.026

Morphological features of Class I, II and III malocclusions of Saudi adolescents

Saudi J Biol Sci. 2021 Jun;28(6):3534-3539. doi: 10.1016/j.sjbs.2021.03.026. Epub 2021 Mar 18.

Authors

Khalid H Zawawi¹, Fahad F Alsulaimani¹, Ayman A Al-Dharrab², Ahmed R Afify³, Mohammad S Al-Zahrani⁴, Hosam A Baeshen¹

Affiliations

¹ Department of Orthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia.
² Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Prosthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia.
³ Department of Orthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Mansoura University, Egypt.
⁴ Department of Periodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia.

Abstract

Aims: This cross-sectional study compared and contrasted the morphological characteristics of Class I, II and III malocclusions in an adolescent Saudi population.

Methods: Adolescent Saudis with Angle's Class I, II and III malocclusions were selected from orthodontic patients' records. Angular and linear measurements were compared between the three groups. Cephalometric analysis was performed using the VistadentOC® software. Multifactorial ANOVA for angular and linear measurements between and within groups.

Results: Orthodontic records of 300 patients were included. There was no significant difference between and within groups in age and distribution of Angle's classification, p > 0.05. Multifactorial ANOVA showed that there were significant interactions between gender and malocclusions in skeletal, dental and soft tissue measurements, p < 0.05. There were significant differences in the sagittal and vertical skeletal measurements between groups, p < 0.05. The dental measurements were also significantly different in most of the measurements (p < 0.05). Moreover, there were significantly different readings among the groups in the soft tissue analysis.

Conclusion: Morphological characteristics of adolescent Saudis show unique differences between gender and malocclusions, more so in Class III malocclusions. Class II and III malocclusions also show skeletal differences amongst the groups.

Keywords: Cephalometric; Characteristics; Class I, II, III malocclusion; Soft tissue.