Impact of Sex on COVID-19 Media Exposure, Anxiety, Perceived Risk, and Severity in Middle-Aged and Older Adults

J Aging Health. 2022 Jan;34(1):51-59. doi: 10.1177/08982643211025383. Epub 2021 Jun 11.

Abstract

Objectives: To examine associations between COVID-19 media exposure and anxiety/perceived risk/severity and investigate their dependency on sex in middle-aged/older adults.

Methods: Adults aged 50+ years completed online surveys: Coronavirus Anxiety Scale, COVID-19 media exposure, COVID-19 media dependency for health information, and COVID-19 perceived risk and severity. Multiple regressions examined independent and interactive (with sex) associations between COVID-19 media exposure/dependency and COVID-19 anxiety/perceived risk and severity. Analyses controlled for age, education, race, total medical conditions, and COVID-19 status.

Results: Higher COVID-19 media exposure was associated with higher COVID-19 anxiety among men (not women) and higher perceived risk/severity in both sexes. Higher COVID-19 media dependency was associated with higher COVID-19 anxiety and perceived risk/severity in both sexes.

Conclusion: In middle-aged/older adults, the use/dependency of media for COVID-19 information may be linked to negative psychological health and increased COVID-19 perceived risk and severity. Men may be at increased risk of anxiety related to media exposure.

Keywords: COVID-19; aging; anxiety; media; sex differences.

MeSH terms

  • Aged
  • Anxiety / epidemiology
  • COVID-19*
  • Depression
  • Female
  • Humans
  • Male
  • Mental Health
  • Middle Aged
  • SARS-CoV-2
  • Sexual Behavior
  • Surveys and Questionnaires