Mechanistic insights into TNFR1/MADD death domains in Alzheimer's disease through conformational molecular dynamic analysis

Sci Rep. 2021 Jun 10;11(1):12256. doi: 10.1038/s41598-021-91606-4.

Abstract

Proteins are tiny players involved in the activation and deactivation of multiple signaling cascades through interactions in cells. The TNFR1 and MADD interact with each other and mediate downstream protein signaling pathways which cause neuronal cell death and Alzheimer's disease. In the current study, a molecular docking approach was employed to explore the interactive behavior of TNFR1 and MADD proteins and their role in the activation of downstream signaling pathways. The computational sequential and structural conformational results revealed that Asp400, Arg58, Arg59 were common residues of TNFR1 and MADD which are involved in the activation of downstream signaling pathways. Aspartic acid in negatively charged residues is involved in the biosynthesis of protein. However, arginine is a positively charged residue with the potential to interact with oppositely charged amino acids. Furthermore, our molecular dynamic simulation results also ensured the stability of the backbone of TNFR1 and MADD death domains (DDs) in binding interactions. This DDs interaction mediates some conformational changes in TNFR1 which leads to the activation of mediators proteins in the cellular signaling pathways. Taken together, a better understanding of TNFR1 and MADD receptors and their activated signaling cascade may help treat Alzheimer's disease. The death domains of TNFR1 and MADD could be used as a novel pharmacological target for the treatment of Alzheimer's disease by inhibiting the MAPK pathway.

Publication types

  • Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural
  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
  • Research Support, U.S. Gov't, Non-P.H.S.

MeSH terms

  • Amino Acid Sequence
  • Binding Sites
  • Death Domain Receptor Signaling Adaptor Proteins / chemistry*
  • Death Domain Receptor Signaling Adaptor Proteins / metabolism
  • Guanine Nucleotide Exchange Factors / chemistry*
  • Guanine Nucleotide Exchange Factors / metabolism
  • Humans
  • Models, Biological
  • Molecular Docking Simulation*
  • Molecular Dynamics Simulation*
  • Protein Binding
  • Protein Conformation*
  • Protein Interaction Domains and Motifs*
  • Receptors, Tumor Necrosis Factor, Type I / chemistry*
  • Receptors, Tumor Necrosis Factor, Type I / metabolism
  • Signal Transduction
  • Structure-Activity Relationship

Substances

  • Death Domain Receptor Signaling Adaptor Proteins
  • Guanine Nucleotide Exchange Factors
  • MADD protein, human
  • Receptors, Tumor Necrosis Factor, Type I
  • TNFRSF1A protein, human