Co-infection of COVID-19 and recurrent malaria

J Infect Dev Ctries. 2021 May 31;15(5):625-629. doi: 10.3855/jidc.13793.

Abstract

In tropical countries, endemic diseases such as malaria can be challenging to distinguish from COVID-19 because of the similarities in presenting symptoms. Here we reported a case of a young soldier with fever and myalgia six days before admission, with non-productive cough, chills, nausea and vomiting, dizziness, and headache for two days. Previously, he had experienced four times of malaria infection. He had a history of positive non-falciparum malaria rapid diagnostic test (RDT) two days before admission. Significant findings were epigastric tenderness, splenomegaly, and severe thrombocytopenia of 36×103 cells / µL. A naso-oropharyngeal swab examination revealed a positive SARS-CoV-2 infection. Consequently, he was hospitalized for 12 days, successfully treated, and discharged without sequelae. Thus, in light of a pandemic, physicians need to raise the suspicion of concurrent COVID-19 infection with other tropical diseases, especially at-risk patients, because malaria and COVID-19 may share similar manifestations. Moreover, further ancillary testing, such as RDT, may be warranted.

Keywords: COVID-19; SARS-CoV-2; co-infection; malaria.

Publication types

  • Case Reports

MeSH terms

  • Anti-Bacterial Agents
  • Antiviral Agents
  • Azithromycin
  • COVID-19 / complications*
  • COVID-19 / diagnosis
  • COVID-19 Drug Treatment
  • Coinfection
  • Humans
  • Indonesia
  • Malaria / complications*
  • Malaria / diagnosis
  • Malaria / drug therapy
  • Male
  • Oseltamivir
  • Recurrence
  • SARS-CoV-2
  • Young Adult

Substances

  • Anti-Bacterial Agents
  • Antiviral Agents
  • Oseltamivir
  • Azithromycin