Longitudinal assessment of type 3 macular neovascularization using 3D volume-rendering OCTA

Can J Ophthalmol. 2022 Aug;57(4):228-235. doi: 10.1016/j.jcjo.2021.04.020. Epub 2021 May 28.

Abstract

Objective: To investigate the evolution of treatment-naive type 3 macular neovascularization (MNV) undergoing anti-vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) treatment through volume rendered three-dimensional (3D) optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA).

Design: Retrospective observational study.

Participants: Patients with type 3 MNV and age-related macular degeneration (AMD).

Methods: Included subjects had three loading injections of an anti-VEGF agent. The OCTA volume data at baseline and follow-up were processed with a previously published algorithm in order to obtain a volume-rendered representation of type 3 MNV. Progressive changes in type 3 lesions were analyzed via 3D OCTA volume rendering.

Results: A total of 14 treatment-naive eyes with type 3 MNV from 11 AMD patients (7 females) were included. At both baseline and follow-up visits, a type 3 MNV complex was identifiable. Each complex was composed of a mean number of 2.5 ± 0.7 vascular branches at baseline and 1.4 ± 0.6 at the follow-up visit (p < 0.0001). The mean changes in central macular thickness and visual acuity were significantly correlated with modifications in the number of type 3 MNV branches (ρ = -0.533, p = 0.049, and ρ = -0.581, and p = 0.040, respectively).

Conclusions: This study demonstrated that type 3 lesions do not disappear completely after loading treatment, as indicated previously by histopathologic studies. Importantly, quantitative volume changes in type 3 lesions are directly associated with treatment response.

Publication types

  • Observational Study

MeSH terms

  • Angiogenesis Inhibitors / therapeutic use
  • Choroidal Neovascularization* / complications
  • Choroidal Neovascularization* / diagnosis
  • Choroidal Neovascularization* / drug therapy
  • Female
  • Fluorescein Angiography / methods
  • Humans
  • Intravitreal Injections
  • Macular Degeneration* / complications
  • Retrospective Studies
  • Tomography, Optical Coherence / methods
  • Visual Acuity
  • Wet Macular Degeneration* / complications
  • Wet Macular Degeneration* / diagnosis
  • Wet Macular Degeneration* / drug therapy

Substances

  • Angiogenesis Inhibitors