Real time detection of 3-nitrotyrosine using smartphone-based electrochemiluminescence

Lihang Zhu; Shuang Li; Wenxin Liu; Jing Chen; Qiwen Yu; Zhen Zhang; Yi Li; Jun Liu; Xing Chen

doi:10.1016/j.bios.2021.113284

Real time detection of 3-nitrotyrosine using smartphone-based electrochemiluminescence

Biosens Bioelectron. 2021 Sep 1:187:113284. doi: 10.1016/j.bios.2021.113284. Epub 2021 May 7.

Authors

Lihang Zhu¹, Shuang Li², Wenxin Liu¹, Jing Chen¹, Qiwen Yu¹, Zhen Zhang³, Yi Li¹, Jun Liu⁴, Xing Chen⁵

Affiliations

¹ Department of Biomedical Engineering, Key Laboratory of Biomedical Engineering of Ministry of Education of China, Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Cardio-Cerebral Vascular Detection Technology and Medicinal Effectiveness Appraisal, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310027, Zhejiang, China.
² Academy of Medical Engineering and Translational Medicine, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300072, China.
³ Institute of Cyber-Systems and Control, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310027, China.
⁴ Department of Biomedical Engineering, Key Laboratory of Biomedical Engineering of Ministry of Education of China, Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Cardio-Cerebral Vascular Detection Technology and Medicinal Effectiveness Appraisal, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310027, Zhejiang, China. Electronic address: liujun@zju.edu.cn.
⁵ Department of Biomedical Engineering, Key Laboratory of Biomedical Engineering of Ministry of Education of China, Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Cardio-Cerebral Vascular Detection Technology and Medicinal Effectiveness Appraisal, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310027, Zhejiang, China. Electronic address: cnxingchen@zju.edu.cn.

PMID: 34022499
DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2021.113284

Abstract

As an oxidase stress biomarker, 3-nitrotyrosine is closely associated with many cardiovascular diseases. Thus, early diagnosis and real time detection of 3-nitrotyrosine at bedside are highly important. Herein, we developed a handheld electrochemiluminescence (ECL) analysis device, which integrates printed circuit board (PCB) for electrical stimulation and smartphone for optical signals readout. Fast and accurate determination of 3-nitrotyrosine was achieved with Antibody/Ru(dcpy)₃²⁺@AuNPs/MoS₂ modified Au electrode (Ab/Ru@AuNPs/MoS₂) for ECL analysis. The linear range of 3-nitrotyrosine detection was from 10^-8 mol/L to 10^-6 mol/L with a detection limit of 8.4 × 10^-9 mol/L. In addition, an Android application was developed to realize real time analysis of ECL emissions and results readout for detection. To confirm the usage of the device, spiked serum with different concentrations was tested and the results indicated the practical reliability and stability of this device. The operating procedure for ECL analysis in this device is extremely easy and electrical stimulation was adjustable from 0 V to 5 V for general ECL systems. Thus, we believe this handheld device for ECL analysis has extensive prospects for application in Point-of-care testing and health caring.

Keywords: 3-nitrotyrosine; Electrochemiluminescence; Point-of-care testing; Smartphone.

MeSH terms

Biosensing Techniques*
Gold
Luminescent Measurements
Metal Nanoparticles*
Reproducibility of Results
Smartphone
Tyrosine / analogs & derivatives

Substances

3-nitrotyrosine
Tyrosine
Gold