Association between sleep quality and subjective cognitive decline: evidence from a community health survey

Ji Hee Kim; Jun Hyong Ahn; Chan Yang Min; Dae Myoung Yoo; Hyo Geun Choi

doi:10.1016/j.sleep.2021.04.031

Association between sleep quality and subjective cognitive decline: evidence from a community health survey

Sleep Med. 2021 Jul:83:123-131. doi: 10.1016/j.sleep.2021.04.031. Epub 2021 Apr 28.

Authors

Ji Hee Kim¹, Jun Hyong Ahn¹, Chan Yang Min², Dae Myoung Yoo², Hyo Geun Choi³

Affiliations

¹ Department of Neurosurgery, Hallym University College of Medicine, Anyang, South Korea.
² Hallym Data Science Laboratory, Hallym University College of Medicine, Anyang, South Korea.
³ Hallym Data Science Laboratory, Hallym University College of Medicine, Anyang, South Korea; Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head & Neck Surgery, Hallym University College of Medicine, Anyang, South Korea. Electronic address: pupen@naver.com.

PMID: 33993029
DOI: 10.1016/j.sleep.2021.04.031

Abstract

Objectives: Little is known concerning whether subjective cognitive decline (SCD) is associated with sleep quality. This study aimed to identify the association between self-reported quality of sleep and SCD in a large population of middle-aged and older adults in Korea.

Methods: We conducted this study based on data collected from the 2018 Korean Community Health Survey. Individuals aged 40 years and older who responded to the Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System (BRFSS) and Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) assessments and did not lack data about multiple covariates were included. A total of 37,712 respondents with SCD and 135,119 those without SCD were included. Sleep quality was estimated using the PSQI, which includes seven self-reported components for sleep health assessment. SCD was assessed using the BRFSS. Logistic regression models adjusted for confounders were used to examine whether each component of the sleep quality index was related to SCD. Additional analysis of the correlation between quantified scores for each component and SCD-related functional limitations as ordinal variables was performed.

Results: The mean age was 62.7 years in the SCD group and 56.4 years in the control group. In total, 13,777 (28.9%) respondents were male in the SCD group and 62,439 (50.7%) in the control group. The adjusted odds ratios of SCD were 1.25 for very bad sleep quality, 1.26 for long sleep latency, 1.16 for <5 h of sleep duration, 1.08 for <65% habitual sleep efficiency, 2.29 for high sleep disturbance, 1.26 for use of sleep medication ≥3 times a week, and 2.47 for high daytime dysfunction due to sleep problems compared to good sleep conditions. Furthermore, a higher score for each component of the sleep quality index correlated with greater SCD-related functional limitations.

Conclusions: Our study provides evidence that poor sleep quality is closely related to both SCD and SCD-related functional limitations.

Keywords: Cognition; Dementia; Sleep; Sleep quality; Subjective cognitive decline.

Publication types

Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

Adult
Aged
Cognitive Dysfunction* / epidemiology
Humans
Male
Middle Aged
Public Health*
Republic of Korea / epidemiology
Sleep
Surveys and Questionnaires