[Return rate to the Primary Care Emergency Service for elderly patients over 65 years old and their assistance requirements]

Aten Primaria. 2021 Oct;53(8):102084. doi: 10.1016/j.aprim.2021.102084. Epub 2021 May 12.
[Article in Spanish]

Abstract

Objective: To determine the unexpected return rate to the Primary Care Emergency Service of elderly patients over 65 years old within the following 72h of a previous visit, as well as to determine the clinical and assistance requirements of these patients.

Procedure: Retrospective and observational epidemiologic study.

Location: Cotolino's Primary Care Emergency Service in Cantabria, Spain.

Participants: 1940 elderly patients over 65 years old were included. These patients returned to the Primary Care Emergency Service in 2016.

Main data for the study: The dependent variable was the return rate to the Primary Care Emergency Service. The independent variables were socio-demographic characteristics, health details and medical assistance information. All data was collected from the Primary Care Emergency Service Management Office database. All variables were analysed applying Pearson's chi-squared test and Fisher's exact test, with statistical significance P≤.05.

Results: The rate of unexpected return was 2.3%. The average age was 77.4 years old (standard deviation (SD): 8.4), of which the 37.6% were male. The most frequent range of age was from 75 to 84 years old, with males being the predominant group. A history of polymedication was detected in 54.4% of the cases, as well as a medium cardiovascular risk within this group. Nursing professionals attended the 42.2% of these return cases (P<.001). Patients with dysnea (P=.015), scheduled care or scheduled injection returned with a higher frequency (P<.001). It was as well noticed a higher frequency of return for subsequent attention during the months of December and January (P<.001).

Conclusions: The rate of unexpected return is low. The main causes why elderly patients returned to the service requiring urgent assistance were issues categorised as unspecific general health indicators and/or respiratory system illnesses. Our proposal is to develop specific protocols combining the work from both Geriatrics and Gerontology professionals, in order to improve the support to this group of population at every Primary Care Emergency Service.

Objetivo: Determinar la tasa de retorno inesperado a las 72 h y las características clínico- asistenciales de los mayores de 65 años que retornan.

Diseño: Estudio epidemiológico observacional retrospectivo.

Emplazamiento: Servicio Urgencias Atención Primaria (SUAP) Cotolino en Cantabria, España.

Participantes: Se incluyó a 1.940 pacientes mayores de 65 años que acudieron al SUAP durante el año 2016.

Mediciones principales: La variable dependiente fue el retorno y las independientes las variables sociodemográficas, clínicas y asistenciales. Los datos fueron suministrados por la Gerencia de Atención Primaria. Se analizaron las variables mediante el test de la chi al cuadrado de Pearson y el test exacto de Fisher utilizando como nivel de significación p ≤ 0,05.

Resultados: Tasa de retorno inesperado 2,3%. Edad media 77,4 años (DE 8,4), siendo el 37,6% varones. El grupo etario más frecuente de retorno fue el de 75 a 84 años. Se detectó polifarmacia en el 54,4% y un riesgo cardiovascular medio. Al 42,2% lo asistió el personal de enfermería (p < 0,001). Los pacientes con disnea (p = 0,015), cura programada o inyección programada regresan con mayor frecuencia (p < 0,001). Se detectó una mayor probabilidad de retorno en el mes de diciembre y enero (p < 0,001).

Conclusiones: El retorno inesperado del total de asistencias es bajo. El retornado precisa cuidados urgentes fundamentalmente por problemas generales inespecíficos o enfermedades del aparato respiratorio. Proponemos desarrollar protocolos en todos los servicios de Urgencias de Atención Primaria que integren a los profesionales de Geriatría y Gerontología, con el fin de mejorar la atención urgente a este grupo poblacional.

Keywords: Anciano; Assistance quality; Calidad asistencial; Elderly patients; Emergencies; Primary Care Emergency Service; Servicios médicos de Urgencia; Urgencias médicas.

MeSH terms

  • Aged
  • Aged, 80 and over
  • Emergency Medical Services*
  • Emergency Service, Hospital
  • Geriatrics*
  • Humans
  • Male
  • Primary Health Care
  • Retrospective Studies
  • Spain