Foliar architecture and physio-biochemical plasticity determines survival of Typha domingensis pers. Ecotypes in nickel and salt affected soil

Noreen Akhter; Muhammad Aqeel; Mansoor Hameed; Haifa Abdulaziz Sakit Alhaithloul; Suliman Mohammed Alghanem; Muhammad Muslim Shahnaz; Mohamed Hashem; Saad Alamri; Noreen Khalid; Omar Mahmoud Al-Zoubi; Muhammad Faisal Iqbal; Tayyaba Masood; Ali Noman

doi:10.1016/j.envpol.2021.117316

Foliar architecture and physio-biochemical plasticity determines survival of Typha domingensis pers. Ecotypes in nickel and salt affected soil

Environ Pollut. 2021 Oct 1:286:117316. doi: 10.1016/j.envpol.2021.117316. Epub 2021 May 7.

Affiliations

¹ Department of Botany, Government College Women University, Faisalabad, 38000, Pakistan.
² State Key Laboratory of Grassland Agro-ecosystems, School of Life Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, Gansu, PR China. Electronic address: aqeelbutt99@gmail.com.
³ Department of Botany, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, 38040, Pakistan.
⁴ Biology Department, College of Science, Jouf University, Sakaka, 2014, Saudi Arabia.
⁵ Biology Department, Faculty of Science, Tabuk University, Tabuk, 71491, Saudi Arabia.
⁶ Department of Botany, Govt. Post-graduate College of Science, Faisalabad, Pakistan.
⁷ Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, King Khalid University, Abha, 61413, Saudi Arabia; Assiut University, Faculty of Science, Botany and Microbiology Department, Assiut, 71516, Egypt.
⁸ Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, King Khalid University, Abha, 61413, Saudi Arabia.
⁹ Department of Botany, Government College Women University Sialkot, Sialkot, Pakistan.
¹⁰ Department of Biology, Faculty of Science in Yanbu, Taibah University, Saudi Arabia.
¹¹ Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at Microscale, University of Science and Technology of China, Hafei, Anhui, PR China.
¹² Department of Environmental Sciences, Lahore College for Women University, Lahore, Pakistan.
¹³ Department of Botany, Government College University, Faisalabad, Pakistan. Electronic address: alinoman@gcuf.edu.pk.

PMID: 33990051
DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2021.117316

Abstract

Six ecotypes of Typha domingensis Pers. Jahlar (E₁), Sheikhupura (E₂), Sahianwala (E₃), Gatwala (E₄), Treemu (E₅) and Knotti (E₆) from different ecological regions were collected to evaluate the leaf anatomical and biochemical attributes under different levels of salinity and nickel stress viz; L₀ (control), L₁ (100 mM + 50 mg kg^-1), L₂ (200 mM + 100 mg kg^-1) and L₃ (300 mM + 150 mg kg^-1). Presence of salt and Ni in rooting medium consistently affected growth, anatomical and physio-biochemical attributes in all Typha ecotypes. Discrete anatomical modifications among ecotypes such as reduced leaf thickness, increased parenchyma area, metaxylem cell area, aerenchyma formation and improved metaxylem vessels were recorded with increasing dose of salt and Ni. The minimum anatomical damages were recorded in E₁ and E₆ ecotypes. In all ecotypes, progressive perturbations in ionic homeostasis (Na⁺, K⁺, Cl^-, N) due to salt and metal toxicity were evident along with reduction in photosynthetic pigments. Maximum enhancement in Catalase (CAT), Superoxide dismutase (SOD), Peroxidase (POD) and modulated Malondialdehyde (MDA) activity was recorded in E₁ and E₆ as compared to other ecotypes. Accumulation of large amounts of metabolites such as total soluble sugars, total free amino acids content in Jahlar, Knotti, Treemu and Sahianawala ecotypes under different levels of salt and Ni prevented cellular damages in T. domingensis Pers. The correlation analysis exhibited a close relationship among different levels of salinity and Ni with various plant attributes. PCA-Biplot verified our correlational analysis among various attributes of Typha ecotypes. An obvious separation of Typha characters in response to different salinity and Ni levels was exhibited by PC1. We recommend that genetic potential of T. domingensis Pers. To grow under salt and Ni stresses must be investigated and used for phytoremediation and reclamation of contaminated soil.

Keywords: Foliar response; Organic osmolytes; Phytoremediation; Sclerification; Wetlands.

MeSH terms

Antioxidants
Ecotype
Nickel
Sodium Chloride
Soil
Typhaceae*

Substances

Antioxidants
Soil
Sodium Chloride
Nickel