Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR)-Based Quantification on Flavor-Active and Bioactive Compounds and Application for Distinguishment of Chicken Breeds

Hyun Cheol Kim; Dong-Gyun Yim; Ji Won Kim; Dongheon Lee; Cheorun Jo

doi:10.5851/kosfa.2020.e102

Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR)-Based Quantification on Flavor-Active and Bioactive Compounds and Application for Distinguishment of Chicken Breeds

Food Sci Anim Resour. 2021 Mar;41(2):312-323. doi: 10.5851/kosfa.2020.e102. Epub 2021 Mar 1.

Authors

Hyun Cheol Kim¹, Dong-Gyun Yim¹, Ji Won Kim¹, Dongheon Lee¹, Cheorun Jo^{1

2}

Affiliations

¹ Department of Agricultural Biotechnology, Center for Food and Bioconvergence, and Research Institute of Agriculture and Life Science, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea.
² Institute of Green Bio Science and Technology, Seoul National University, Pyeongchang 25354, Korea.

Abstract

The purpose of this study was to use ¹H nuclear magnetic resonance (¹H NMR) to quantify taste-active and bioactive compounds in chicken breasts and thighs from Korean native chicken (KNC) [newly developed KNCs (KNC-A, -C, and -D) and commercial KNC-H] and white-semi broiler (WSB) used in Samgye. Further, each breed was differentiated using multivariate analyses, including a machine learning algorithm designed to use metabolic information from each type of chicken obtained using ¹H-¹³C heteronuclear single quantum coherence (2D NMR). Breast meat from KNC-D chickens were superior to those of conventional KNC-H and WSB chickens in terms of both taste-active and bioactive compounds. In the multivariate analysis, meat portions (breast and thigh) and chicken breeds (KNCs and WSB) could be clearly distinguished based on the outcomes of the principal component analysis and partial least square-discriminant analysis (R²=0.945; Q²=0.901). Based on this, we determined the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve for each of these components. AUC analysis identified 10 features which could be consistently applied to distinguish between all KNCs and WSB chickens in both breast (0.988) and thigh (1.000) meat without error. Here, both ¹H NMR and 2D NMR could successfully quantify various target metabolites which could be used to distinguish between different chicken breeds based on their metabolic profile.

Keywords: 1H-13C heteronuclear single quantum coherence (HSQC); Korean native chicken; metabolomics; quantitative nuclear magnetic resonance (qNMR); white semi-broiler.