The role of syncytia during viral infections

J Theor Biol. 2021 Sep 21:525:110749. doi: 10.1016/j.jtbi.2021.110749. Epub 2021 May 5.

Abstract

Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) is a common, contagious infection of the lungs and the respiratory tract. RSV is characterized by syncytia, which are multinuclear cells created by cells that have fused together. We use a mathematical model to study how different assumptions about the viral production and lifespan of syncytia change the resulting infection time course. We find that the effect of syncytia on viral titer is only apparent when the basic reproduction number for infection via syncytia formation is similar to the reproduction number for cell free viral transmission. When syncytia fusion rate is high, we find the presence of syncytia can lead to slowly growing infections if viral production is suppressed in syncytia. Our model provides insight into how the presence of syncytia can affect the time course of a viral infection.

Keywords: Infectious lifespan; Mathematical model; Respiratory syncytial virus; Syncytia formation; Viral production.

Publication types

  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

  • Giant Cells
  • Humans
  • Respiratory Syncytial Virus Infections*
  • Respiratory Syncytial Virus, Human*
  • Virus Diseases*